Abatuye mu murenge Kagano baravuga ko iyo umuganura ugeze bazirikana isano uyu munsi mukuru ufitanye n’ ibigabiro babona ahahoze urugo rw’umwami Kigeli RWABUGIRI. Bavuga ko ariho hantu hatari I Bwami umwami yizihirije umuganura bitewe n’uko umunsi wawo wageze uhamusanga. Inteko y’Umuco ivuga ko aha hahoze urugo rw’Umwami RWABUGIRI hazakomeza kubangabungwa nk’ahantu hafite amateka menshi cyane, harimo nay’urugamba rwo kwagura igihugu. Gusa inasaba abaturage kugira uruhare mu kuhabungabunga.
Umwami Kigeri IV Rwabugiri wategetse u Rwanda guhera mu wa 1853 kugeza mu wa 1895, yari afite imirwa myinshi mu Gihugu. Imwe muri iyo yari yayubatse ku nkiko z’Igihugu kugira ngo ahategurire urugamba rwo kucyagura.
Umwe mu mirwa ya Rwabugiri yo ku nkiko wari wubatse mu Kinyaga ahitwa mu Mataba ya Nyamasheke, akaba yarahubatse ashaka gutera Ijwi n’u Bunyabungo. Ahahoze urwo rugo rw’umwami, ubu ni mu Mudugudu wa Gikuyu, Akagari ka Ninzi, Umurenge wa Kagano, mu Karere ka Nyamasheke.
Kugeza ubu, uru rugo rwabaye amateka, ariko hasigaye ibimenyetso by’ibiti binini by’imivumu aribyo bizwi nk’ibigabiro byaterwaga mu bikingi by’amarembo y’urugo rw’umwami.
Mu gihe abanyarwanda bizihiza umuganura kuri uyu wa gatanu wa mbere w’ukwezi kwa Kanama, abatuye mu murenge wa Kagano w’akarere ka Nyamasheke basobanukiwe isano iri hagati y’amateka y’urugo rw’umwami aha iwabo n’umunsi w’umuganura, bavuga ko uyu munsi bawuha agaciroro gakomeye bingana n’ibigabiro by’umwami Rwabugiri biri aho iwabo.
Umusaza umwe yagize ati: “kugira ngo umuganura awizihirize aha ngaha, I Nyanza, umunsi warageze ariko Rwabugiri ari hano, nuko awizihiriza hano hamwe n’abatware ba hano mu Kinyaga. Byagezaho Rwabugiri ategeka abatware ko azajya yizihiriza umuganura iwe I Nyanza, yamara kuwizihiza n’abatware nabo bagahamagara abantu nabo bakawizihiriza iwabo.”
Ashingiye kuri iyi sano, NTAGWABIRA Andre; Umushakashatsi ku mateka ashingiye ku bisigaratongo mu nteko y’Umuco, avuga ko aha hantu hazakomeza kubungabungwa ndetse bikagirwamo uruhare n’abaturage.
Yagize ati: “Birumvikana ibigabiro ni ibiti. Igiti cy’ikivumu, uko byagenda kose ntabwo cyabaho nk’umusozi, kigera igihe kigasaza. Biriya biti nta muntu wabitemye ahubwo byarashaje.”
“ hagati rero y’ubufatanya na Akarere ka Nyamasheke n’inteko y’umuco, ubu ngubu dufite gahunda yo kugira ngo tuhasigasire dufatanyije n’abaturage bahaturiye kuburyo nubwo ibiti bisaza, ariko ahantu hakomeza guhabwa agaciro.”
Mu ngo z’umwami Kigeli IV Rwabugiri, urw’i Nyamasheke ruzwi cyane cyane kubera impamvu ebyiri arizo kuba mu 1894 yarakoreye imihango y’umuganura, birangiye atabara i Bunyabungo. Ndetse no kuba Umugogo we woromokeye i Nyamasheke mbere yo kumutabariza i Rutare ho mu karere ka Gicumbi.
Menya usobanukirwe Umuganura
UmunyaRwanda w’umuhanga yaragize ati “Agahugu katagira umuco karacika “. Magingo aya benshi twumva umuganura nk’amateka ndetse n’iyo habaye ibirori byo kuwizihiza hari abatagira amahirwe cyangwa inyota yo kumenya uko ukorwa! Uyu munsi wari umunsi wo kwishimira umusaruro wabaga warabonetse no kugira intego y’umwaka utaha bakanasabana.
Umuganura ni umunsi wahabwaga agaciro gakomeye cyane mu muco. Mu minsi yo ha mbere ku rwego rw’igihugu (ubwami) wayoborwaga n’Umwami afashijwe n’abanyamihango b’Umuganura naho ku rwego rw’umuryango, umukuru w’umuryango akaba ari we wayoboraga iyi mihango.
Uyu munsi ufite byinshi usobanuye mu mateka y’u Rwanda rwo hambere! Wari umuhango ukomeye kuko wari mu nzira z’ubwiru. Umuganura wari ufite intego yo kugandurira ndetse no kwibutsa abanyarwanda kuzirikana ko basangiye igihugu kimwe, umuco umwe n’indangagaciro zimwe.
Akenshi umuganura wari umuhango wari umeze nko gusogongera ku musaruro wa mbere w’imbuto zaba zarahinzwe, cyane cyane umuganura wakorwaga hifashishijwe imbuto z’inyampeke twavuga nk’amasaka, uburo n’inzuzi gusa bitavuze ko haba harimo n’ibindi nk’ibikomoka ku matungo.
Ese uyu muhango waje ute?
Umuganura ni umunsi wizihizwaga cyane mbere y’Abakoroni, ibirori byizihizwaga byabaga byiganjemo umutsima w’amasaka, maze abanyarwanda bagashimira Imana uburumbuke bw’umuryango, imyaka n’amatungo yabahaye. Iki gihe benshi bishimiraga kuba baganuzaga Umwami amata, amasaka, n’izindi mbuto nkuru ari zo uburo, inzuzi n’isogi ariko bakongeraho n’ibindi byose byabaga byeze muri icyo gihe.
Uyu munsi mukuru wari ngarukamwaka wubahwaga kandi wahabwaga agaciro ibwami no mu muryango w’Abanyarwanda. Amateka avuga ko umuganura watangiye kwizihizwa mu Rwanda ku ngoma ya Gihanga Ngomijana mu kinyejana cya cyenda, hanyuma uza kongera guhabwa imbaraga na Ruganzu II Ndoli hagati y’imyaka ya 1510-1543 ubwo yabohoraga u Rwanda nyuma y’imyaka irenga cumi n’itanu ruri mu maboko y’abanyamahanga (Abanyoro n’Abanyabungo).
Muri uyu muhango Umwami yafataga umwuko ngo agatangiza umuhango wo kuvugira umutsima rubanda baje kuganuza, akawuvuga apfukamye yerekana icyubahiro aha abo ayobora ndetse n’Igihugu.
Nyuma y’umuhango wo kuganura hakurikiragaho ibirori by’Umuganura byasozwaga n’igitaramo k’imihigo. Muri ibi birori Umwami ngo yamurikaga umusaruro w’Abanyarwanda bavuye impande zose z’Igihugu, hakaba amarushanwa y’indashyikirwa nk’uko bwana Dr Nzabonimpa Jacques yabitangaje ubwo yaganiraga n’ikinyamakuru Imvaho Nshya mu mwaka wa 2019.
Ku ruhande rw’umuryango bwana Dr Nzabonimpa Jacques agira ati “Kuri uwo munsi kandi, imiryango na yo yarateranaga maze umukuru w’umuryango akayobora imihango n’ibirori byayikurikiraga. Cyaraziraga kugira uwo wima cyangwa uheza ku munsi w’Umuganura, buri wese yagombaga kugira umuturanyi asura.”
Mu bijyanye no gushyira hamwe kw’abanyarwanda, umuganura ngo ni kimwe mu byatumye u Rwanda ruba Igihugu gikomeye kitavogerwa kuko watumye Abanyarwanda bunga ubumwe. Ikindi kandi, ibirori byo kwizihiza Umuganura cyane cyane amarushanwa yabaga abiherekeje, ngo byagize uruhare runini mu kongera agaciro bimwe mu byari bigize ubuzima bw’Abanyarwanda: imbyino, imitako, inka imyaka n’ibindi.
Ese kwizihiza umuganura waba uzi ko byigeze bivanwaho?
Nyuma y’umwaduko w’abakoroni mu 1925 umuganura warahagaritswe ntiwongera gukorwa ndetse benshi bavuga ko byateje icyuho mu gushyira hamwe kw’abanyarwanda. Muri iki gihe umutware Gashamura ka Rukangirashyamba wari umwiru ushinzwe Umuganura yacibwaga mu Gihugu agaciribwa mu Burundi.
Kuva iki gihe Umuganura ntiwongeye kwizihizwa. Nyuma y’uko u Rwanda rubonye ubwigenge, abantu bakomeje kwizihiza Umuganura mu miryango ariko ubuyobozi bwariho muri icyo gihe ntibwashyiramo imbaraga ngo Umuganura uhabwe agaciro gakomeye nk’uko wari warahozeho mbere y’ubukoroni.”
Nyuma Leta igendeye ku byiza n’akamaro Umuganura wagize mu kubaka Igihugu, yawuhaye agaciro gakomeye, ishyiraho n’umunsi w’ikiruhuko uba buri wa Gatanu wa mbere w’ukwezi kwa Kanama. Iteka rya Perezida no 54/01 ryo ku wa 24/02/2017 mu ngingo ya 3 (100) kugira ngo kuri uwo munsi, Abanyarwanda basabane, bunge ubumwe, bazirikane ibyiza bagezeho ari nako bahiga gukora neza kurushaho umwaka utaha.
“Umuganura, isooko y’ubumwe n’inshingiro ryo kwigira “
