Kutabona ibintu kimwe kw’abayobozi n’amakimbirane ashingiye ku nyungu z’igihugu bisa nk’ibigiye kongera gusenya umuryango w’Afurika y’Iburasirazuba (EAC) nko mu 1977 nk’uko ababikurikiranira hafi basobanukiwe politiki yo mu karere babyemeza.
Kuwa 30 Ugushyingo hari hateganyijwe inama ya 20 y’abakuru b’ibihugu bigize EAC iza kutaba bitewe n’uko u Burundi bwanze kuyitabira bunarakazwa n’uko chairman w’uyu muryango, Yoweri Museveni yanze kwita ku mpungenge zabwo.
Ibi byatumye Perezida Museveni asubika iyi nama ku munota wa nyuma ayimurira kuwa 27 Ukuboza.
Abakurikiranira hafi ibintu rero basanga uyu muryango ushobora kuba ugiye gusubira mu byabaye mu 1977 ubwo wasenyukaga bitewe n’ibibazo bya bamwe mu bawugize bitakemuwe, nk’inyungu z’ubucuruzi, ibibazo by’umutekano n’ibindi hagati y’ibihugu bigize uyu muryango.
Mu 1977, isenyuka ry’uyu muryango ryatewe no kutumva ibintu kimwe hagati ya Kenya na Tanzania, ndetse n’ibibazo by’abayobozi ku giti cyabo hagati ya Julius Nyerere wa Tanzania na Idi Amin wa Uganda.
Mu gihe EAC y’ubu yongeye kubyutswa mu 1999 yagombaga kuba umuryango ushingiye ku baturage kandi ushishikajwe na business, impuguke zisanga ahubwo uyu muryango ushingiye ku bayobozi ba za guverinoma.
Izi mpuguke zikaba zitanga urugero rwo kudahuza hagati ya Perezida Kagame na Perezida Nkurunziza n’ibindi bibazo bishingiye ku nyungu z’ibihugu bikomeje kubangamira kwishyira hamwe kw’ibihugu bigize umuryango.
Harold Acemah, wabaye umudipolomate wa Uganda, akaba afite ubunararibonye bw’imyaka 30 mu kazi, avuga ko kuba iyi nama ya 20 y’abakuru b’ibihugu bya EAC itarabaye ari ikimenyetso kibi kigaragaza ibibazo byugarije umuryango.
Muri ibi bibazo harimo isoko idakwiye y’amafaranga ubunyamabanga bw’umuryango bukenera gukoresha, kutizerana hagati y’abakuru b’ibihugu 6 bigize umuryango, no kubura ubushake bwa politiki bwo gushyira mu bikorwa gahunda z’umuryango.
Acemah ati: “Perezida Nkurunziza yumva ari nk’umubyara ukennye udahabwa agaciro n’abavandimwe be bakuru,”
Ibi Acemah akaba abishingira ku kuba Nkurunziza yarasabye Museveni gusubika iyi nama ya EAC u Burundi bwanze kwitabira ngo bubanze bwitegure, ariko ubusabe bwabwo ntibwemerwe. Uyu mugabo akavuga ko Museveni atagaragaje kwiyoroshya n’ubudipolomate.
Amasezerano ya Arusha
Uyu mudipolomate akomeza avuga ko ahanini amakimbirane ya Perezida Nkurunziza na bagenzi be bo muri EAC akomoka ku kwirengagiza Amasezerano ya Arusha kwe agashaka manda ya gatatu itaravuzweho rumwe mu 2015. Akavuga ko Perezida Nkurunziza ari we wumva yarahawe akato aho kuba u Burundi.
Uko EAC ibayeho kuri ubu ngo binyuranyije n’intumbero umuryango wari ufite.
Ingingo ya 5 y’amasezerano yashyizeho uyu muryango mu 1999, ivuga ko intego zawo ari uguteza imbere politiki na gahunda zigamije kongera ubufatanye hagati y’ibihugu bigize umuryango muri politiki, mu bukungu, imibereho n’umuco, ubushakashatsi n’’ikoranabuhanga, ubwirinzi, umutekano n’ibibazo bijyanye n’ubutabera ku nyungu rusange.
Ariko noneho igika cya gatatu cy’iyi ngingo ya 5 cyo kivuga kongerera imbaraga no gukomeza amashyirahamwe amaze igihe mu rwego rwa politiki, ubukungu, imibereho, n’umuco hagati y’abaturage b’ibihugu bigize umuryango, hagamijwe iterambere rusange rishingiye kuri ayo masano n’amashyirahamwe.
Nicodemus Minde, Umunyatanzaniya w’impuguke muri politiki, we avuga ko EAC yiganye umuryango w’ubumwe bw’u Burayi ariko yananiwe kubera ko inzira yo kwishyira hamwe ikiyoborwa n’abayobozi.
Agasanga EAC yari ikwiye gushyira ingufu mu gukoresha inteko ishinga amategeko yayo (EALA) mu gusunika kwishyira hamwe gushingiye ku baturage.
Bwana Minde asanga Perezida Nkurunziza ataribagirwa ko yari agiye guhirikwa ku butegetsi mu 2015 ubwo yari yitabiriye inama ya EAC n’ubundi muri Tanzania. Manda ya gatatu ye kandi ikaba yaratumye yumva adatekanye haba mu gihugu imbere, mu karere no ku rwego mpuzamahanga.
Bwana Acemah na none abona ubushake bwa politiki bubura hagati y’abayobozi ariko hari ubushake bwinshi mu baturage ba East Africa. Avuga ko ibirarane leta zibereyemo EAC no gukererwa kwishyura imisanzu y’ingengo y’imari y’umuryango ari ibimenyetso bwo kubura ubushake atari ubushobozi bucye bwo kwishyura.
Ati: “Iyo EAC iza kuba ishingiye ku baturage, umwuka mubi urimo guteza amacakubiri ntuba warazamutse. Niba imbogamizi zivutse, nizera ko byari kwitabwaho kandi bigakemuka byoroshye.”
Yongeyeho ko mu by’ukuri EAC itarakira isenyuka ryabaye ku muryango wa mbere mu 1977.
Urukiko rw’ubutabera rwa East Africa (EACJ) na EALA ngo nizo nzego 2 z’umuryango zikibasha gufata ibyemezo mu bwisanzure. Ariko, manda y’uru rukiko nayo iracyafite ibibazo by’imiyoborere na demokarasi kandi uruhare rwa sosiyete sivile n’urwego rw’abikorera ntibiratezwa imbere.
Imisanzu y’umuryango
Mu gihe ingengo y’imari ya buri mwaka ya EAC ibarirwa muri miliyoni 100 z’amadolari, ibihugu bigize umuryango bisabwa gutanga umusanzu wa miliyoni hagati y’10 na 12$, andi abura agatangwa n’abaterankunga.
Ariko ngo ntibyaba binyuze mu kuri nk’urugero gufata Kenya, igihugu cya mbere gikize mu karere, no gufata u Burundi, ubukungu bwabwo burutwa n’ubw’intara ya Kiambu muri Kenya, ngo byishyure imisanzu ingana.
Ibi bikaba bisobanuye impamvu u Burundi bwakunze kwanga gutanga iyi misanzu, mu gihe Tanzania na Kenya byemeye kubikora binyuze mu masezerano byagiranye, Sudani y’Epfo ifite umutungo kamere nayo ikaba ikibasiwe n’amakimbirane ya politiki.
Hari hatanzwe ibyifuzo ko ibihugu bikize kurusha ibindi byajya bitanga umusanzu uri hejuru ugereranyije n’ibindi nk’uko u Budage bubigenza mu Muryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi.
Ibi ariko Tanzania yahise ibitera utwatsi ivuga ko ibihugu byajya bitanga menshi byazageraho bikumva ko ari byo bigomba gufata ibyemezo cyangwa kuyobora ibindi.
Src: The East African
