Koreya ya Ruguru yamaze kugerageza igisasu kirimbuzi cyo mu bwoko bwa Bombe H (hydrogen bomb) gishobora gushyirwa kuri Missile yambukiranya imigabane (Intercontinental Ballistic Missile ,ICBM) bituma isi yose ikangarana ndetse yamagana iki gikorwa.
Televiziyo y’igihugu cya Koreya ya Ruguru niyo yatangaje ko igihugu cyabo cyamaze gutunga bidasubirwaho Bombe H nyuma yo kuyigerageza ndetse bikagenda neza. Televiziyo ya Koreya ya Ruguru yongeyeho ko kugerageza icyo gisasu kirimbuzi ari intambwe ikomeye kandi ifite igisobanuro gikomeye mu kugira imbaraga mu bisasu kirimbuzi ku gihugu cyabo nkuko bitangazwa n’ibiro ntaramakuru by’Abongereza, Reuters.
Ibiro ntaramakuru bya Koreya ya Ruguru, KCNA byatangaje ko Kim Jong Un uyobora icyo gihugu ubwe yirebeye icyo gisasu kirimbuzi gishobora gushyirwa kuri missile yo mu bwoko bwa ICBM. KCNA yatangaje kandi ko Bombe H yamaze gukorwa n’igihugu cyabo ari nto cyane kuburyo byoroshye kuba yashyirwa kuri ICBM ikaraswa aho bashaka.
Kuri iki cyumweru tariki 3 Nzeli 2017 mu gace gasuzumirwamo ibisasu kirimbuzi ka Punggye-ri mu Ntara ya Hamgyeong iri mu Majyaruguru ya Koreya ya Ruguru humvikanye umutingito ufite imbaraga ‘magnitude’za 6.3 nkuko bitangazwa n’ibiro ntaramakuru bya Koreya y’Epfo, Yonhap.
Ibiro bishinzwe gupima umutingito mu gihugu cy’Ubushinwa nabyo byemeje ko uwo mutingito wari uri ku rugero rwa ‘magnitude’ya 6.3. Ubuyapani bwatangaje ko uwo mutingito wari utewe n’igeragezwa ry’igisasu cya kirimbuzi.
Ibiro by’Ubuyapani bishinzwe ikirere n’iteganyagihe(Japan Meteorological Agency) byatangaje ko ingufu z’uwo mutingito zikubye inshuro 10 indi mitingito yose yatewe n’igeragezwa ry’ibisasu kirimbuzi byose Koreya ya Ruguru yigeze kugerageza.
Abaturage b’Ubushinwa batuye mu Mujyi wa Yanji uhana imbibi na Koreya ya Ruguru batangaje ko nabo wabagezeho.
Umwe mu baganiriye na Reuters yagize ati “ Nari ndi kurya ubwo nari ndi hano ku mupaka hano Yanji, tugiye kumva, twumva inzu yose iri gutigita. Byamaze nk’amasegonda 4.”
Ubuyapani, Ubushinwa, Ubufaransa, Koreya y’Epfo, Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Uburusiya nibyo bihugu byahise bifata iya mbere mu kwamagana igeragezwa rya Bombe H ya Koreya ya Ruguru ishobora kuraswa no kuwundi mugabane. Ibi bihugu byose byahurije kukuvuga ko bidakwiriye ko Koreya ya Ruguru ikomeza kugerageza ibisasu kirimbuzi kuko biteye inkeke ku mutekano w’agace iherereyemo ndetse n’uw’isi muri rusange.
ICBM ni iki?
Intercontinental ballistic missile ,ICBM, ni Missile ishobora kuraswa ku ntera ndende. Iba itwaye umutwe w’igisasu cya kirimbuzi. Ishobora kuraswa ku ntera ya Km 5.500 uretse ko ngo hari n’igihe yaraswa ikagera ku ntera ya Km 10.000 cyangwa izirenzeho.
Koreya ya Ruguru yagaragaje ko ifite Missile KN-08, ishobora kuraswa ku ntera ya Km 11.500 na KN-14 ishobora kuraswa ku ntera ya Km 10.000 ariko iyo yagerageje tariki 4 Nyakanga ntihagaragajwe intera yayo.
Bombe H ni igisasu bwoko ki?
Ku itariki 06 Mutarama 2016 nibwo bwa mbere Leta ya Koreya y’Amajyaruguru yatangaje ko yagerageje igisasu cya kirimbuzi cyo mu bwoko bwa Bombe Hydrogene ariko icyo gihe inzobere mu by’ibisasu kirimbuzi byatangaje ko kitari cyo, ko ahubwo cyari igisasu cyo mu bwoko bwa Bombe A (Atomic Bomb/ Bombe atomique).
Kuri uyu wa Gatandatu tariki 2 Nzeli 2017 nibwo bidasubirwaho Koreya ya Ruguru yamaze kugerageza Bombe H ndetse igerageza rigenda neza. Ni igisasu gikoranye ikoranabuhanga rihambaye kuko gishobora no gushyirwa kuri missile kikaraswa ku wundi mugabane.
Bombe H yitwa nanone bombe à hydrogène, bombe à fusion cyangwa bombe thermonucléaire. Mu cyongereza niyo bita Hydrogen bomb. Ni igisasu kirimbuzi gikura ingufu zacyo mu kwiyegeranya kw’imitima igize iki gisasu (fusion de noyaux légers) ari naho hakomoka izina rya bombe à fusion .
Yaba igisasu cya kirimbuzi cyo mu bwoko A (Bombe Atomique/Atomic Bomb) ndetse n’icyo mu bwoko bwa H(Bombe H) byose bikoranye ikoranabuhanga rihanitse, bisaba ibikoresho bihenze cyane ndetse bisaba amagerageza menshi kugira ngo abakora Bombe H babashe kumenya neza imikorere yayo.
Urugero kugirango Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika zibashe gukora igisasu kirimbuzi cyo mu bwoko bwa H byayisabye gukora amagerageza ibihumbi naho Ubufaransa inshuro 210. Mbere y’uko Koreya ya ruguru itangaza ko yamaze kugira Bombe H, ibihugu 8 ku isi nibyo gusa byari bisanganywe ubwoko bw’ibi bisasu.
Kugira ikoranabuhanga ry’igisasu cya Bombe A ndetse no gutunga kubwinshi Uranium na Plutonium byifashishwa mu gukora ibisasu kirimbuzi ni intambwe zibanza kugira ngo igihugu runaka kibashe gukora igisasu cya Bombe H nkuko byatangajwe na Jean-Marie Collin , inzobere y’Umubiligi mu by’ibisasu bya kirimbuzi. Igikurikiraho ni ugushakisha uburyo cyagirwa gito hanyuma kigashyirwa muri Missile.
Hagati ya 2006 na 2013 Koreya ya ruguru yagerageje ibindi bisasu bya kirimbuzi inshuro 3 bifite ubukana nk’icyo Amerika yarashe i Hiroshima mu Buyapani.
Kuva muri 2006 itangira igerageza ry’ intwaro za kirimbuzi, Koreya ya ruguru yagiye ifatirwa ibihano binyuranye n’ akanama gashinze umutekano mu muryango w’abibumbye(UN Security council) nubwo bitayibujije gukomeza kubigerageza. Ibi bisasu byose Koreya ya ruguru yari yabanje kugerageza bikoresha uburyo bwa Fission gusa.
Bombe H iba igizwe n’ibisasu 2 bya kirimbuzi
Bombe H igizwe n’ibice 2 by’ingenzi :Fission na Fusion ari nabyo byiciro iturikiramo.
Fission ni uburyo igisasu cya kirimbuzi giturika, ibice bikigize (atomes/atoms) bikagenda byigabanyamo uduce duto twinshi dufite uburemere buto.
Uku kwigabanya gukurikirwa n’umuriro/ubushyuhe bwo ku rwego rwo hejuru(dégagement de chaleur). Ubutare bwa plutonium na uranium nibwo bufite ubushobozi bwo kwigabanyamo uduce nk’utu ari nayo mpamvu arizo elements(soma elema) zifashishwa mu gukora ibisasu kirimbuzi. Uranium niyo ikunda gukoreshwa mu cyiciro cya Fission.
Kugira ngo wumve uburemere bw’umuriro cyangwa ubushyuhe ibisasu bya kirimbuzi biba bifite ,hari urugero rwatanzwe n’urubuga Futura Science rworoshye kumva. Mu nyandiko cyahaye umutwe ugira uti ‘L’énergie nucléaire de A à Z’, iki kinyamakuru cyatangaje ko Garama 1(1gramme) ya uranium 235 irekura ubushyuhe/umuriro ugereranywa n’uwatangwa n’amatoni menshi y’amakara.
Fusion bwo ni uburyo bw’ikinyuranyo kuri Fission. Uduce duto duto tugenda twiyegeranya tukabyara ikindi gice kinini kurushaho(noyaux atomiques légers s’unissent) . Impamvu Bombe H bavuga ko ariyo igira imbaraga cyane kurusha Bombe A ni uko yo iba igizwe n’ibisasu 2 bya kirimbuzi:Bombe ikoresha uburyo bwa Fission na bombe ikoresha uburyo bwa Fusion. Ibi nibyo ikinyamakuru Tech Insider cyagarutseho mu nyandiko cyahaye umutwe ugira uti ‘ There’s a major difference between a hydrogen bomb and an atomic bomb’. Ubusanzwe element ya Hydrogen ifite izindi 2 ziyikomokaho deutérium na tritium.
Bombe Atomique nayo isanzwe ikanganye ikubwe inshuro 1000 na Bombe Hydrogene
Bombe A yarashwe i Hiroshima mu Buyapani yari ifite ingufu zibarirwa hagati ya Kilotons 10 na 15.
Bombe Atomiques 2 zarashwe i Hiroshima zahitanye abantu 200.000. Bombe H yo ikubye inshuro 1000 ubukana bombe Atomique zarashwe i Hiroshima mu ntambara ya 2 y’isi muri 1945 nkuko bitangazwa n’inzobere mu bisasu bya kirimbuzi.
Ikinyamakuru techinsider cyabyanditse mu nyandiko cyahaye umutwe ugira uti’ There’s a major difference between a hydrogen bomb and an atomic bomb’ yo ku wa 6 Mutarama 2016. Niba Bombe 2 zarashwe mu Buyapani zarahitanye abantu 200.000, ndetse na nyuma zigakomeza guteza ingaruka mbi ku bana bavuka, ni ukuvuga ko byibura imwe ifite ubushobozi bwo guhitana abantu babarirwa ku 100.000. Ukoze imibare, ubona ko Bombe H iramutse irashwe mu Mujyi munini, ifite ubushobozi bwo guhitana byibuze abagera kuri miliyoni ijana (100.000.000).
Bombe H ifite ingufu yaturitse kugeza ubu ni iy’icyahoze ari Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Abasoviyeti ’Tsar Bomba’ yaturikiye muri Arctic muri 1961 yari ifite imbaraga zibarirwa muri megatons 57. Ikinyamakuru Le monde mu nyandiko yacyo “Essai nucléaire en Corée du Nord : qu’est-ce qu’une bombe H ?” yo ku wa 06 Mutarama 2016 cyatangaje ko Bombe H Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Abasoviyeti zaturikije yari ikubye inshuro 3.300 iyo Amerika yarashe i Hiroshima muri 1945.
Ubushyuhe Bombe H iba ifite buba bubarirwa mu mamiliyoni ya degre celcius(urugero rupimirwaho ubushyuhe) bugereranywa n’ubw’izuba.
Avuga ku bushyuhe buterwa na Bombe H, Takao Takahara, Umwalimu muri Meiji Gakuin yo muri Tokyo mu Buyapani yagize ati “’Think what’s going on inside the sun. In theory, the process is potentially infinite. The amount of energy is huge. “
Tugenekereje mu Kinyarwanda yagiraga ati” Mutekereze ubushyuhe buba buri mu zuba mo imbere, igikorwa cyayo kigira ingufu zitagereranywa. Urugero rw’ubushyuhe buba buri hejuru cyane .”
Bombe H
Norbert Nyuzahayo
