Kivu, isibaniro ry’intambara ikomeye ya Afurika itaribagirana

Intara za Kivu muri Repubulika iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo zimaze imyaka igera kuri 24 mu ntambara z’urudaca, aho usanga muri izi ntara iya Kivu y’Amajyepfo n’iya Kivu y’Amajyaruguru, buri munsi habera ubwicanyi, gufata ku ngufu n’ubundi bugizi bwa nabi bugirwamo uruhare n’imitwe y’inyeshyamba.

Dusubire inyuma mu ntambara zabereye mu burasirazuba bwa Congo mu bice byegereye ibihugu by’ibituranyi nk’U Rwanda, U Burundi na Uganda.

Imyaka 24 y’amakimbirane adashira

Aka karere ka Kivu bivugwa ko karuta igihugu cya Portugal mu bunini kisanze mu bibazo mu 1994 ubwo jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi yatumye abahigwaga cyane bisanga bambutse umupaka bahungira muri Kivu. Aba bakurikiwe n’ibihumbi byinshi by’impunzi ziganjemo izo mu bwoko bw’Abahutu nyuma y’aho abayobozi babo birukaniwe ku butegetsi n’ingabo zari iza RPA.

Ibi byatumye intara za Kivu zihinduka indiri z’inyeshyamba ndetse n’ubuhungiro bw’umubare munini w’impunzi.

Perezida Mobutu Sese Seko, wayoboye Zaire yaje guhinduka Repubulika iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo kuva mu 1966 kugeza mu 1997 ngo muri za 80 yigeze kwangisha abaturage ba Kivu abimukira b’Abanyarwanda.

Ibi byaje gukurikirwa n’intambara 2 zikomeye zatangiriye muri Kivu ziza gukwira mu gice kinini cya Congo hagati y’1996 n’1997 ndetse no kuva mu 1998 kugeza mu 2003.

Intambara ikomeye ya Afurika

Mu ntambara ya mbere, u Rwanda rwashyigikiye umutwe wari ukuriwe na Laurent Desire Kabila mu guhirika umunyagitugu Mobutu Sese Seko, wahiritswe mu 1997. U Rwanda rukaba rwarinjiye muri Congo rugamije no guca intege abasize bakoze jenoside mu Rwanda ndetse bari mu myiteguro yo kongera gutera igihugu.

Ariko, ibihumbi byinshi by’abaturage b’impunzi nibyo byahahuriye n’ibyago.

Akigera ku butegetsi, Kabila yihindukanye U Rwanda na Uganda byamufashije kugera ku butegetsi ahita yirukana ingabo z’ibi bihugu zari zikiri muri Congo, haduka Intambara ya 2 ya Congo.

Iyi ntambara yaje guhuriramo ibihugu 9 bya Afurika ndetse n’imitwe y’inyeshyamba isaga 20, aho bivugwa ko abantu basaga miliyoni 5 bazize iyi ntambara, ibyorezo cyangwa bakazira inzara.

Abanyamateka niho bahereye bita iyi ntambara Intambara Ikomeye ya Afurika (The Great War of Africa).

Inyeshyamba n’ubwicanyi

Imirwano yo muri Kivu yarakomeje kuva icyo gihe kugeza uyu munsi nubwo bitari ku rwego nk’urwa mbere, hazamuka ifatwa ku ngufu n’amakimbirane ashingiye ku moko. Nk’uko byemezwa na Congo Research Group, umushinga w’inyigo wa Kaminuza ya New York, kuri ubu ngo muri kivu zombi habarizwa imitwe yitwaje ibirwanisho igera ku 134 nk’uko iyi nkuru dukesha France 24 ikomeza ivuga.

Umwe muri iyi mitwe ni Allied Democratic Forces (ADF) ugizwe ahanini n’inyeshyam ba z’Abagande bo mu idini ya Islam ukomeje gushinjwa ubwicanyi bukabije muri Kivu y’Amajyaruguru by’umwihariko muri Beni.

Iki gice cya Congo kandi gikomeje no kwibasirwa n’icyorezo cya Ebola, ibitero by’abitwaje ibirwanisho bakomeje kubangamira imirimo y’ishami rya Loni ryita ku buzima, OMS. Iki cyorezo kimaze kwibasira Congo inshuro 10 mu mateka ubwo giheruka cyahitanye abantu bagera ku 100 uhereye muri Kanama mu burasirazuba bwa Kivu y’Amajyaruguru.

Amabuye y’agaciro y’amaraso

Bivugwa ko imitwe myinshi y’inyeshyamba iba ihanganye ipfa ubucukuzi n’ubucuruzi butemewe bw’amabuye y’agaciro bita ay’amaraso yiganjemo Zahabu, Coltan, na Gasegereti bivugwa ko aba akenewe cyane mu nganda zikora ibijyanye n’itumanahaho.

Kivu kandi inakungahaye ku buhinzi n’amashyamba.