Taliki ya 3 Gicurasi, ni umunsi mpuzamahanga w’itangazamakuru, umunsi abakora uwo mwuga bisuzuma ngo barebe intambwe bamaze gutera haba mu bunyamwuga, ndetse no mu nyungu bakura muri ako kazi, ugereranyije n’umwaka wawubanjirije.
Ni naho kandi bibukiraho bagenzi babo bagiye bahohoterwa kubera umwuga, abafungiwe ahantu hanyuranye, abishwe, ababujijwe uburenganzira bwo gutara cyangwa gutangaza, n’uko bakongera gufatana urunana rwo kuvugira abo babujijwe uruvugiro.
Mu Rwanda, iyi taliki ibaye itangazamakuru ryifashe rite? Byose ni Sawa sawa!
Uyu mwaka ushize nta munyamakuru ubarizwa mu ibohero, nta gitangazamakuru cyahagaritswe, ahubwo hashinzwe amateleviziyo yigenga akangari! Ibinyamakuru biracicikana online, ibidasohoka ni akazi kabyo ntawabinize.
Muri buri kigo cya Leta hari umuvugizi utanga amakuru, kugeza ku karere. Umuntu afite uburenganzira bwo kubaza cyangwa gutanga igitekerezo, haba mu kiganiro mbwirwaruhame, atelefonnye kuri Radio na Televiziyo ashaka, cyangwa yohereje ubutumwa bugufi ku rukuta rwa Facebook. Muri iyo ndorerwamo, ubwisanzure bw’Itangazamakuru buhari ku gipimo 100%.
Ariko se ko usanga Abanyamakuru bahigima ni ukubera iki?
Muri ubwo bwisanzure tuvuze haruguru, haraburamo ugusohoka kw’ibinyamakuru byandikwa. N’ibyandikwa usanga bitagurwa! Umuntu yakwibaza impamvu z’ubwitabire buke bw’abasomyi. Aho ntibaba babura icyo basoma muri ibyo binyamakuru? Bwaba ari ubushobozi buke mu myandikire se?
Ibi binyamakuru byari bikunzwe ku isoko ntibigisohoka
Oya! Mu gighugu cyacu hamaze kugeza amakaminuza arenga atanu yigisha itanagzamakuru kandi amaze guha impamyabushobozi nyinshi abayasohotsemo. Ibyo rero ntibyakabaye ikibazo.Kuko ntabararyize, bigishijwe n’uburambe.Ikindi kandi abo basohotse,iyo bageze mu yindi mirimo baba aba PR beza! Kuki tubabura mu itangazamakuru, n’abagerageje bakaza basaba kwandika cyangwa kuvuga ku makuru y’imyidagaduro n’imikino gusa? Aho hari ipfundo buri wese yakwihamo umukoro.
Amakuru si ashyushya umutwe kandi si ayo gusebya ibyiza twagejejweho n’ubuyobozi bwiza.
Nibyo! Amakuru si anenga gusa, ariko na none avuga ko byose ari sawa sawa nayo si amakuru. Ibyakavugiwe mu itangazamakuru bivugirwa mu tubari bikarangiza bibaye impaka n’impuha zabyara icyaha cyangwa ikirego. None abanyamakuru baba aribo biyima amakuru, batinya kubaza amakuru, bakangwa bakiruka kibuno mpamaguru, ugukanze akagufatira aho? Ntawe ntoza kugumuka, ariko burya ntawe ukunda umunenga, kuko bivamo kubura umugati. Mu makuru mushobora gutangaza , hari abo yakubikira imbehe, abo rero sibo bazabatelefona ngo nimuze mbatekerereze uko nanyereje umutungo wa Leta. Aho rero mwahakura abanzi, byanze bikunze.
Amahitamo ni ayanyu, kwemera ingaruka z’umwuga, kwihagararaho cyangwa kurya Giti, umwuga ukawuparika. Ngirango benshi bibaza impamvu ibyo bandika bitagurwa, bashakira aho. Ubundi umunyamakuru mwiza, areba hirya y’akada ke cyane cyane akenshi ko kaba ari na gato, agashaka aho ukuri kuri, agakomereza aho. Umuntu yicuza iyo ariwe warenganye, akabona abantu bose bamwihoreye, nawe akibuka ko hari abandi yajyaga yihorera bakarengana areba kandi inshingano ze ari uguteza ubwega hakiri kare.
Amaradiyo na Televiziyo bitambutsa ibiganiro byiza!
Ibiganiro biteza Muzika imbere birategurwa kandi bikabisikana ku bwinshi n’amasengesho n’imbuga z’imikino. Ndetse banigisha kubana neza ku bashakanye, bakanarangira abakobwa abagabo n’abasore bakabarangira inkumi! Mukomereje aho mu kwisanzura mutyo, ntaho muzahurira n’uzababuza uburenganzira. Nyamara ariko, umwe mu bayobozi b’ itangazamakuru witwa Fred Muvunyi, abantu bumvise ngo yahunze, abanyamakuru mwimana amakuru, ubwo namwe muzabazwa kudatanga amakuru, nk’uko hari abo muvuga ko bayabima!
Amaradiyo arahanyanyaza
Hagati aha, umuryango w’abanyamakuru batagira umupaka, bashyize u Rwanda ku mwanya wa 161 kuri 180 ku isi,muri Afurika abatugiye inyuma ni
161 Rwanda , 164 Libye ,167 Somalie , 168 Guinée Équatoriale ,172 Djibouti,174 Soudan ,180 Erythrée
muraruca murarumira! RGB, niyo yasohoye amatangazo avuguruza uwo mwanya, kuko IMIRYANGO Y’ABAZUNGU ITUWE ITWANGA, NTA GISHYA : “Ntaho bitandukaniye n’izindi basanzwe bandika, twebwe ntabwo tuziha n’agaciro ko ari raporo, ni ingirwa-raporo ziba zitwaje izindi nyungu za politike zabo.
Banza urebe interuro yonyine y’iyo raporo, iravugamo ko Leta ngo yitwaza ngo Jenoside kugira ngo ihohotere itangazamakuru, bakanavugamo ifungwa rya BBC, urumva ko byonyine interuro yayo ari ikibazo cya Politike, kidafite aho gihuriye; BBC ibyo yakoze, ibyo yavuze byari ibihakana n’ibipfobya Jenoside, nk’u Rwanda rero ntabwo rushobora kwemera ibintu nk’ibyo ngo ni byo bashingiraho bapima uburenganzira n’ubwisanzure by’itangazamakuru.”. Itangazamakuru ryararuciye rirarumira.
Ese mwaba mwarabyemeye? Cyangwa nabwo mwaketse ko hari uri bububaze kwisanzura? Ibyo ni ibimenyetso bigaragara ko hari ikibabuza kwisanzura cyabagiyemo, kikarika, atari ngombwa ko hagira ubibabuza!( self-censure)!
Abanyamakuru barakennye cyane uwaza wese yabagura!
Mu bigaragara, Itangazamakuru ryo mu Rwanda, ryagiye ribyimba ariko ridakura ( ryabaye Igukuri ). Urebeye inyuma, ni inganzamarumbo, ku izina gusa, ariko iyo uroye ikiri imbere ni icyuka ( Levure) ,icyo gihe rero ntiryakwigenga , ntiryakwisanzura, ufite amafunguro wese yarikoresha.
Niyo mpamvu hagiye haboneka abagiye baba ibikoresho by’abanyapolitiki ( beza cyangwa babi), abandi bagahungira ubukene mubanzi b’igihugu ngo baramuke kabiri n’abandi bashaka kwitaka cyangwa guhishira intege nke zabo. Ngiryo Itangazamakuru rigeze aho, risigara rivugirwa n’abavugizi babagirira impuhwe gusa, babafasha gukomeza kwirundarunda ngo batabura burundu, nabyo bikaba amahano!
Muri iyi minsi harapfa abanyamakuru benshi, wareba icyo bazize ugasanga harimo inzara no kubura ubushobozi bwo kwivuza ( kubura imiti ) Umunyamakuru akaryama iwe akifungirana agapfa ( Emile Bayisenge na Niyonteze Emmanuel ) Ibi birababaje cyane, ntabwishingizi bwo kwivuza abanyamakuru bagira. Ukibaza ayo mashyirahamwe yabo amaze imyaka n’imyaniko icyo amaze kikakuyobera.
Nyamara riracyariho
Haracyari ikizere cyo kubaho . Niba muri ino nyandiko tuvuze ko Itangazamakuru rihaze ridigadiga mu bwisanzure, igikuru ni uko ririho, kandi aho rizakangukira rizisanzura, kuko niryo rigomba kugaragaza ko ubwisanzure butabahagije. Iyi taliki ibe iyo kongera gutekereza ku bunyamwuga bwanyu, maze ibitekerezo byanyu, ntibizajye bitegereza ko mu banza kujyanwa mu Nkumba mu Itorero, kuko umunyamakuru mwiza ntatozwa, ntatongerwa, kuko aba atuwe ari Intore.
Umunsi mukuru mwiza.
Sam Gody NSHIMIYIMANA
