Mu gihe kitageze ku myaka icumi, u Rwanda rwateye imbere cyane mu guhindura umujyi wa Kigali icyitegererezo, kubarura ubutaka, kubarura abaturage, kubaka imihanda, gukwirakwiza no gucunga amazi n’umuriro w’amashanyarazi.
Ibi byose benshi babibona bibaza impamvu bikorwa ku murongo, buri gikorwa kigashyirwa aho cyagenewe kandi ntikibangamire ikindi nk’uko byakunze kugenda mbere aho wasangaga kugira ngo bubake umuhanda babanza kurandura insinga z’amashanyarazi.
Ni umusaruro w’Ikoranabuhanga ryifashishije Ubumenyi bw’Isi, Geographic Information System (GIS). Ikigo ESRI, gifatwa nk’igifite ubwoko bw’iryo koranabuhanga bukomeye kurusha ubundi ku isi ni cyo kiritanga mu bigo bya Leta y’u Rwanda.
Byatangiye mu 2006 ESRI itanga amasomo ajyanye n’iryo koranabuhanga, itangira kurigurisha mu 2010, ari nabwo yafunguye ishami mu gihugu.
Kuva icyo gihe GIS ifite uruhare runini mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’icyerekezo 2020 kuko imishinga myinshi yo muri iyo gahunda iyikenera.
GIS ikora ite?
Ni ikoranabuhanga rishingiye ku kuranga ahantu birenze kure uko amakarita asanzwe aherekana, ryerekana amakuru yose ashoboka y’ahantu runaka, kuva ku mbibi za buri mudugudu kugeza ku mubare w’inyubako ‘zose’ ziri mu mijyi y’u Rwanda.
GIS kandi ikoreshwa mu gukusanya amakuru no kuyashyira mu bishushanyo ndangamibare byorohereza uyashaka kuyabona.
Umuyobozi Ushinzwe Ishami rya GIS mu Kigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare, NISR, Florent Bigirimana, yabwiye IGIHE ko iri koranabuhanga mu Rwanda rigizwe n’urusobe rwa porogaramu zitandukanye zirimo izikoreshwa kuri mudasobwa n’izo kuri telefoni zigezweho.
Igizwe na ‘Collector’ ikorana na telefoni zigezweho cyangwa tablets, ku buryo ugiye gukora ibarura hanze mu baturage ayikoresha apima ubuso bw’umurima cyangwa ibindi bipimo akeneye akabasha no kubikosora.
Hari kandi ‘Survey 123’ nayo ikorana na telefoni igafasha mu kubaza ibibazo by’ibarura. Yatumye ababarura batakigendana umuba w’impapuro ngo rimwe na rimwe zibanyagirirweho.
Naho ‘ArcGIS’ ni porogaramu ya mudasobwa iyoboye izi zavuzwe hejuru ifasha mu kwinjiza amakuru adatunganyije yavanwe hanze, akabyazwamo andi yizewe arimo amakarita, n’ibindi bishushanyo ndangamibare cyangwa ndangahantu bigaragara neza.
Uko GIS yafashije u Rwanda mu iterambere
Bigirimana avuga ko ubu badashobora kwibeshya mu gutara amakuru kubera GIS. Mu gihe mu ibarura byatwaraga amezi agera kuri ane kugira ngo iki kigo gikusanye amakuru yavuye mu ibarura ubu bikorwa mu munsi umwe.
Ati “Niba ibarura ari iryadutwaraga imyaka itatu ubu amezi atandatu gusa cyangwa umwaka uba uhagije ngo rikorwe. Ubu umuntu ajya mu bushakashatsi nk’i Nyamasheke agafata amakuru akoresheje telefoni akabitwohereza mu biro atiriwe agaruka i Kigali.
Umuyobozi wa ESRI Rwanda, Kaspar Kundert avuga ko iri koranabuhanga ari ryo ryashyize mu bikorwa ibarura ry’ubutaka, rigatuma kuri ubu nta na metero kare yabwo itabaruwe mu gihugu.
