Umunyamabanga wa Leta muri Minisiteri y’Ububanyi n’Amahanga n’Ubutwererane ushinzwe ubufatanye n’akarere, Gen (Rtd) James Kabarebe, yagaragaje ko ibibazo bya Congo biterwa n’abayobozi bicyo gihugu bashaka kwegeka ibibazo byose ku Rwanda.
Mu kiganiro na Mvemba Dizolele wo mu kigo CSIS (Center for Strategic and International Studies), Gen (Rtd) Kabarebe yasobanuye ko u Rwanda rutigeze rufasha M23, n’ikimenyimenyi ko abarwanyi b’uyu mutwe bayobowe na Gen Sultani Makenga bataturutse mu Rwanda.
Gen (Rtd) Kabarebe, ashingiye ku mateka, yagaragaje ko ikosa rikomeye ubutegetsi bwa RDC bwakoze kuva ku bwa Mobutu kugeza ku bwa Félix Tshisekedi, ari uguhitamo politiki yo kwanga u Rwanda, cyane cyane Abatutsi.
Yagize ati “RDC yakoze ikosa rimwe rikomeye, cyane cyane ubuyobozi butandukanye bwayo nyuma ya 1994, 1996. Bwahisemo politiki yo kwanga u Rwanda, cyane cyane Abatutsi, buyifashisha kugira ngo bwemerwe n’Abanye-Congo. Bwahisemo kugaragaza ko buri kimwe, kunanirwa kwabo n’ibibazo byabo biterwa n’u Rwanda.”
Yagaragaje ko u Rwanda rwari rufite impamvu yo kugaragaza ko RDC ari yo ntandaro y’ibibazo byose nk’uko na yo ibirushinja, ariko ko rwabyihoreye, ruhitamo kubana n’iki gihugu mu mahoro, ahamya ko nta Munye-Congo wagirirwa nabi n’Abanyarwanda.
Ati “Twebwe umurongo twahisemo ni uko dukeneye Abanye-Congo, turindira umutekano buri wese. Abanye-Congo baza hano mu Rwanda banyuze ku mupaka. Ugenzuye muri hoteli zose i Kigali, wasanga huzuyemo Abanye-Congo bava hano, bajya i Dubai, bava mu bihugu bya Afurika y’Iburasirazuba. Nta muntu ubakoraho, bahabwa ubufasha bwose, cyane cyane umutekano.”
Gen (Rtd) Kabarebe yagaragaje ko ubutegetsi bwa RDC bukwiye guhagarika politiki yo kwanga u Rwanda n’Abatutsi, bukumva ko kubana mu mahoro n’ibihugu by’abaturanyi ari ngombwa kandi ko bigirira inyungu buri wese.
Gen (Rtd) Kabarebe yasobanuye ko mu biganiro byabanjirije ibikorwa byo gusenya M23, u Rwanda rwashyigikiye ko uyu mutwe usenywa, runasaba ko nyuma y’ibyo hazakurikiraho gusenya FDLR; umutwe washinzwe n’abahoze muri Leta yateguye Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994.
Yagize ati “Hafashwe icyemezo cy’uko M23 na FDLR bisenywa n’ingabo za Loni zitwaga FIB zari zigizwe n’Abanya-Malawi, Tanzania na Afurika y’Epfo. U Rwanda twarabishyigikiye, dusaba ko FIB nimara gusenya M23, izakurikizaho FDLR. Ni ko byari byarateganyijwe. Gusenya FDLR nyuma ya M23 ni cyo twari dutegereje.”
Yibukije ko ubwo M23 yasenyukaga, bamwe mu bari bayigize bayobowe na Gen Makenga bahungiye muri Uganda, abandi bari bayobowe na Gen Bosco Ntaganda bahungira mu Rwanda.
Ati “Twabwiye Bosco Ntaganda ko tutamwakira mu Rwanda kubera ko yashakishwaga na ICC. Ashingiye kuri ibyo, yahisemo kwishyikiriza Ambasade ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, yoherezwa i La Haye anyuze i Kanombe.”
Gen (Rtd) Kabarebe yasobanuye ko abandi barwanyi ba M23 bahungiye mu Rwanda bajyanywe mu nkambi mu Burasirazuba bw’iki gihugu, bamburwa intwaro bari bafite, zishyikirizwa Leta ya RDC binyuze muri misiyo y’amahoro ya Loni muri RDC (MONUSCO).
Gen (Rtd) Kabarebe yasobanuye ko mbere ubwo Tshisekedi yajyaga ku butegetsi, Perezida Kagame yari Umuyobozi Mukuru w’umuryango wa Afurika Yunze Ubumwe, kandi ko yafashije Tshisekedi kumenyekana ku ruhando rw’amahanga.
Yagize ati “Ubwo Perezida Tshisekedi yajyaga ku butegetsi, Perezida Kagame yari Umuyobozi Mukuru wa Afurika Yunze Ubumwe. Yari mu mwanya mwiza wo gufasha Tshisekedi kandi yaramufashije rwose. Yaramufashije, amuha ubufasha bwose, ubwo yitabiraga umuhango wo gushyingura se [Etienne Tshisekedi) cyari ikimenyetso cyiza ariko yanamufashije ku rwego mpuzamahanga.”
Gen (Rtd) Kabarebe yakomeje ati “Kubera ko Tshisekedi nk’umuntu mushya nta wari umuzi, haba mu Burengerazuba, imiryango mpuzamahanga, nk’umuturanyi wo hafi, yamumenyekanishije hose.”
Yahishuye ko tariki ya 19 Ukwakira 2019, Tshisekedi yohereje intumwa ze i Kigali, zigirana n’abarwanyi ba M23 amasezerano yo kubacyura, ariko ngo Leta ya RDC yananiwe gushyira mu bikorwa aya masezerano, isobanurira u Rwanda ko idafite amafaranga.
Muri icyo gihe kandi, abarwanyi ba M23 bahungiye muri Uganda na bo bohererejwe intumwa za Leta ya RDC, baganira ku buryo zataha, ndetse ababahagarariye bagiye i Kinshasa kugira ngo bakomeze ibiganiro, ariko bamara amezi bategererejeyo uwabakira, baramubura kugeza ubwo basubiye muri Uganda, bavayo basubira mu mashyamba ya RDC.
Nk’uko yabisobanuye, ubufatanye hagati y’ibihugu byombi bwari bwarateye imbere kuva mu 2019 kugeza mu ntangiriro za 2022, ubwo wa mubano wari mwiza wazambye bitewe n’impamvu ahamya ko atazi aho zaturutse.
Ati “Ntabwo tuzi aho ibibazo byaturutse, bisubiza inyuma buri kimwe. U Rwanda ntirwagize uruhare mu gutangiza aya makimbirane na RDC. Icyo abantu batazi ni uko u Rwanda rwari rutegereje kungukira mu mwuka w’amahoro hagati yacu na RDC. Ubucuruzi, gushyikirana kw’abaturage birazamuka iyo hari amahoro.”
Gen (Rtd) Kabarebe yibukije ko ubwo Tshisekedi yashyiraga mu ntara ya Kivu y’Amajyaruguru na Ituri mu bihe bidasanzwe, yazihaye abayobozi bo ku rwego rwa gisirikare, agaragaza ko ashaka kurandura imitwe irimo FDLR.
Gusa ngo byagaragaye ko gahunda ya Tshisekedi yo gusenya iyi mitwe irimo ikibazo, ubwo yoherezaga muri izi ntara abofisiye bo mu gihe cya Mobutu, bamunzwe n’urwango bafitiye u Rwanda, bashoboraga guha FDLR ubufasha bwo kurutera.
Muri bo harimo Lt Gen Constant Ndima wari ushinzwe umutekano bwite wa Col Mahele wari uyoboye ingabo zarwanyije RPA Inkotanyi.
Yasobanuye ko za mpungenge z’u Rwanda ku bufatanye bw’aba bofisiye na FDLR zaje kuba impamo, kuko uyu mutwe ushyigikiwe muri RDC wagabye ibitero mu Majyaruguru y’u Rwanda muri Werurwe, Gicurasi na Kamena 2022, icyakoze mu rwego gukumira ko ibindi bikorwa biruhungabanya byasubira, ku mupaka hashyizweho ingamba z’ubwirinzi.
Ikibazo cyakemuka bidasabye umuhuza
Mu gihe umubano wa RDC n’u Rwanda wazambye, imipaka yose ihuza ibi bihugu iracyafunguye, Ambasade z’ibi bihugu i Kinshasa n’i Kigali ntizafunzwe. Icyahagaze ni ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’amasezerano y’ubufatanye mu guteza imbere ubukungu.
Gen (Rtd) Kabarebe yashimangiye umupaka uhuza u Rwanda na RDC i Rubavu ari uwa kabiri wakira abantu benshi ku Isi inyuma y’uwa Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika na Mexique, kandi ko abo mu nzego zishinzwe abinjira n’abasohoka ku mpande zombi bakorana umunsi ku wundi.
Yabajijwe niba ibiganiro biyobowe n’umuhuza bidashobora gukemura amakimbirane y’u Rwanda na RDC, asubiza ati “Ntekereza ko iki kibazo cyanakemurwa bidasabye uruhande rwa gatatu kuko na mbere cyari cyarakemutse bidasabye uruhande rwa gatatu.”
Kuva mu 2022, Angola iyobora ibiganiro bihuza intumwa z’u Rwanda n’iza RDC, hagamijwe gushakira hamwe umuti w’aya makimbirane. Mu ngingo nkuru ziganirwaho harimo guhagarika imirwano hagati y’impande zishyakiranye no gusenya FDLR.
