Hirya no hino mu mujyi wa Kigali n’ahandi mu gihugu hari amarira n’agahinda, ibi bibazo bikunze kuvuka mu gihe hatezwa cyamunara ku mitungo iri mu ngwate za Banki ba nyirayo baba bafitiye imyenda bananiwe kwishyurira igihe inyungu za Banki zikiyongera zikaba umurengera.
Iki kibazo cyatangiye kugaragara cyane muri za Banki mu mwaka ushize wa 2018, muri uyu mwaka wa 2019 birushaho gufata intera.
Iki ni kimwe mu byahagurukije Rushyashya, iganira n’abantu batandukanye kuri iki kibazo, bamwe mubo twabajije bavuga ko inyungu za Banki ziri hejuru, abandi bavuga ko itegeko rya Cyamunara rikwiye kuvugururwa kuko ritakijyanye n’igihe. Urugero ni abo bita Abakomisiyoneri, batesha agaciro umutungo ugurishwa ari nacyo kibazo nyamukuru kigaragara muri za cyamunara aho umutungo w’umuntu utezwa cyamunara kuri make hifashishijwe itegeko ngo kuko ari inshuro ya gatanu cyamunara ibaye nk’uko itegeko ribivuga.
Minisitiri Johnston Busingye yakunze kubigarukaho, aho anenga imikorere y’abitwa abakomisiyoneri bakunze gukorana amanyanga n’abashinzwe kugurisha ingwate mu kurenganya abakiliya.
Urugaga rw’abahesha b’inkiko mu Rwanda, rwagiye rugaragaza ko bimwe mu bibangamiye za cyamunara harimo imikorere y’abakomisiyoneri, ariko ugasanga nta mategeko ahana ibyo bikorwa kandi ari ikibazo gikomeye.
Aba Bakomisiyoneri bazwiho kugira akavuyo n’indi myitwarire idahwitse muri za cyamunara aho bamwe baba batumwe gutesha agaciro umutungo ugurishwa, abandi bitwaje za sheki zitazigamiwe yamara kugereka, akaburirwa irengero n’ibindi bikorwa nk’ibi bya kibandi nk’uko abahuye n’iki kibazo babitangarije Rushyashya. Bati : “Kuki uwifuza kugura umutungo runaka utimukanwa atiyizira, ahubwo ugasanga ngo yohereje abo bakomisiyoneri”? Iki kigomba gucika n’abo bakomisiyoneri bakavaho. Si ubwa mbere bivugwa ko abakomisiyoneri bateza umuvundo, kuko na Minisiteri y’ubutabera ibafata nk’ababangamira ubukungu bw’igihugu, batesha agaciro imitungo ya rubanda.
Rudahunga Bemba, ni umuturage wo mu karere ka Burera. Uyu mugabo ufite imyaka 31 y’amavuko avuga ko ubwo yamenyaga ko hagiye kugurishwa muri cyamunara inzu yari iherereye mu karere atuyemo na we yafashe iyambere mu kwitabira, byabaye kumugaragaro aho yarushaga hafi ibihumbi Magana atanu uwa mugwaga mu ntege mu gutanga menshi. Ariko kubera amanyanga yakozwe n’uwari ushinzwe kugurisha ingwate Rudahunga bamwima amahirwe ye yokwegukana uwo mutungo w’inzu yagurishijwe amafaranga y’uRwanda Miliyoni enye (4,000,000 frw) ngo kuko atitwaje amafaranga mu ntoki, nyamara we yari yateganyije kwishyura akoresheje money transfer, akishyura amafaranga 4,400,000, nk’uko abyivugira, Rudahunga avuga ko aka ari akarengane gakabije yakorewe kubera gushaka indonke kw’uwari ushinzwe kugurisha ingwate. Uyu muturage avuga ko atihanganiye ayo manyanga ngo kuko yakoze ibishoboka ngo uyu ushinzwe kugurisha ingwate yirukanwe.
Yagize ati “sinishimiye na gato amanyanga nakorewe, jyewe naciye mu buryo busanzwe bwo gupiganwa ariko uwari ushinzwe kugurisha ingwate yari afite abantu bapanze bamuhaye n’akantu (amafaranga) ari na yo mpamvu umutungo yawunyibye akawuha abatanze makeya kuri njye, ariko nanjye naramukosoye ubu yarirukanywe kera. Ubundi umutungo uhabwa uwishyushye menshi ariko yarawunyimye ararenga awuha uwo narushaga ibihumbi magana ane byose.
Rudahunga ati “abakomisiyoneri bari bapanze n’ushinzwe kugurisha ingwate ngo bakore amanyanga bari batanze amafaranga yabo, bakimara kubona ko ayo batanze nayarengeje batangira kwishyuza uyu ushinzwe kugurisha ingwate mu ruhame ngo nabahe ibyabo bigendere.”
Abuze uko abigenza, murabizi ko mu Rwanda hari uburyo butanu bwemewe bwo kwishyura, jyewe ndababwira nti ndajya gukora transfer muri banki, ubwo ni bumwe mu buryo butanu bwemewe kwishyura hano mu Rwanda, mu gushaka kunyanganya baravuga bati umutungo turawuha abantu bafite amafaranga mu ntoki hano, ba bandi yawuhaye bari bafite amafaranga yari yarababwiye, bahita bavuga bati twebwe turayafite twayabikuje, aravuga ngo arawubahaye ariko ibyakurikiyeho ni ibyo amategeko ateganya kandi yarakurikijwe.”
Iyi nzu uyu mugabo ubwo yajyaga kuyigura yari ishyizwe ku isoko inshuro zirenga nka cumi n’eshanu (15).
Akarere kamugurishirije inzu, igurwa na Noteri
Umugabo witwa HABIYAMBERE Simeon utuye mu Mudugudu wa Kazuba, Akagari ka Kijote mu Murenge wa Bigogwe amaze imyaka umunani asiragizwa n’akarere ka Nyabihu ku kibazo cy’inzu ye yatejwe cyamunara. Uyu wahoze mu ngabo z’igihugu akaza gusezererwa, avuga ko inzu ye yayubatse mu 1999.
Iyi nzu yubatse muri Santeri ya Kora, ku muhanda wa kaburimbo ugana Rubavu. Yegeranye n’inzu zahoze ari iz’umunyaburayi witwa Paki, wakoraga ibikorwa by’ubuhinzi mu turere tunyuranye tw’u Rwanda.
Ubuyobozi bw’Akarere ka Nyabihu bwaje kwemeza ko ibikorwa bya Paki bitezwa cyamunara, haza kugurishwa miliyoni imwe n’ibihumbi Magana abiri na mirongo itanu (1,250,000 RWFS). Mu gusohora ibyangombwa by’ubwo butaka, Habiyambere yisanze inzu n’ubutaka bye nabyo byarahawe uwatsindiye icyamunara.
Muri iki kibazo havugwa abakozi b’akarere bateje cyamunara n’abayitsindiye; hakanavugwamo ko cyamunara yagenze nabi nk’uko umwe mu bakozi b’akarere yabyanditse abyemeza.
Ndayambaje William niwe wahagarariye icyamunara, akaba yari umukozi w’Akarere ka Nyabihu ushinzwe ubutaka (land administrator)
Twahirwa Jean Baptiste nawe akora mu Karere muri serivisi z’ubutaka (land survey), akaba yarandikiye umunyamabanga nshingwabikorwa w’akarere ka Nyabihu ,asobanura ko cyamunara itakozwe neza, yitandukanya n’ibyayivuyemo.
Muri iyo baruwa (dufitiye kopi) yo kuwa 14 Kanama 2011, Twahirwa avuga ko Ndayambaje William umukuriye yamwangiye kujya kuri terrain ngo bagene agaciro k’uwo mutungo (scientifiquement). Anavuga ko byari biteganijwe ko mu mafaranga ava muri cyamunara, miliyoni eshatu zagombaga guhabwa umwe mu baturage bafite inzu kuri ubwo butaka, uwo yaba ari Habiyambere Simiyoni.
Mu gusoza iyo baruwa, Twahirwa agira ati, “nyuma y’iyo kinamico narababaye, mbwira umuyobozi w’ibiro by’ubutaka, bwana Ndayambaje William ko ntemera iyo cyamunara, ambwira ko ngomba kubiceceka ngo simbivuge ngo byatera amakimbirane mu baturage”.
Zawadi Valentin niwe watsindiye iyo cyamunara, akaba ari umukozi w’akarere mu murenge wa Kabatwa, muri Nyabihu. Rushyashya yagerageje kumuvugisha ntibyashoboka.
Kandi umugore wa Zawadi, Nyirasafari Solange cyamunara iba yari ashinzwe irangamimerere (etat civil) mu murenge wa Bigogwe, ahaherereye uwo mutungo.
Ubu mu gihe Habiyambere asiragira asaba kurenganurwa, Nyirasafari ni umujyanama w’akarere mu by’amategeko akaba ari noteri (legal advisor and notary).
Abatuye aha ku Kora bavuga ko iyi cyamunara yari yakusanije imitungo ya Paki yose ivanze n’iy’abaturage batujwemo; nyuma bamwe baza “gusakuza” bahabwa ibyangombwa by’ubutaka buriho inzu zabo. Aba barimo na Mbanzamihigo Jerome wanyuze mu manza n’akarere, amaze kugatsinda nawe arabihabwa, hasigara uyu Habiyambere Simeon.
Andi makuru atangwa n’abahatuye, ngo ni uko muri cyamunara Zawadi (umugabo wa Nyirasafari) yafatanije n’umucuruzi Cyatarugamba, akaba ari we wishyuye barahagabana, ariko byiswe ko Nyirasafari ariwe utsinze.
Nyuma y’ibyo biganiro, bagenzi be babonye aziranye n’impande zombi, ngo bamusaba ko abwira nyiri nzu akabaha miliyoni ebyiri bakica icyamunara, Munyampundu arabahakanira bimuviramo gukubitwa.
Inzu yahoze ari iya Mutsindashyaka Theoneste iri Remera mu mujyi wa Kigali, ubwo twari gucukumbura ibijyanye n’impamvu imaze kugurishwa inshuro eshatu, amakuru dufite agaragaza ko umukiriya wayiguze ubwa gatatu yayihawe ku giciro cya miliyari eshatu, hakaba harabanje kuba urubanza, ariko igitangaje muri ibi byose ni uko ayo nayo bayiguze ari inguzanyo umukiriya yahawe na COGEBANQE ari nayo yayigurishaga mu cyamunara. Twagerageje kuvugana n’umwavoka wari muri uru rubanza yanga kugira icyo adutangariza bigaragara ko yari afite ubwoba.
Umwubatsi Mugarura Alexis nawe yahuye n’uruva gusenya nyuma y’aho RRA [Rwanda Revenue Authority ] imutesheje umutwe, ikamwima ibyangombwa byo gupiganirwa amasoko [Tax Clearance Certificate] nyuma y’urubanza yatsinze mu rukiko rw’ubucuruzi rurebana n’imisoro. Ariko mu kwibeshya cyangwa se kubikora nkana RRA, iza kongeraho indi misoro igera kuri Milioni ijana na mirongo itanu nkuko bigaragara mu ibaruwa RRA yamwandikiye imwishyuza , we akagaragaza ko yishyuye agera kuri Milioni mirongo inani. Nyuma y’imyaka isaga itanu akirwana n’ibyo bibazo bya RRA, ikaza kumwandikira urwandiko imubwira ko yibeshye mu misoro ko ahubwo ariyo imugomba agera kuri Miliyoni umunani.
Kugeza twandika iyi nkuru imitungo yose ya Mugarura Alexis irimo ibibanza n’amazu bifite agaciro ka Miliyari ebyiri na Miliyoni magana abiri byarafatiriwe biri hafi gutezwa cyamunara kuri make ugereranije n’agaciro kabyo kubera inyungu za BK, zikubye kabiri ziva kuri Miliyoni hafi Magana arindwi zigera kuri Miliyari imwe na miliyoni magana atanu asaga. Mugarura yanze kugira icyo abwira Rushyashya, ku byamubayeho ariko akavuga ko uko byagenda kose azakomeza gukunda igihugu cye niyo nta kintu ya kigiramo.
Mu nama yahuje abafite aho bahuriye n’irangizwa ry’imanza ndetse na Minisiteri y’ubutabera muri Nyakanga muri uyu mwaka ushize, Minisitiri Johnston Busingye yasabye abahesha b’inkiko kwitandukanya n’abakomisiyoneri bagambanira imitungo y’abantu.
Minisiteri y’Ubutabera yihaye umuhigo wo gushyiraho gahunda yo kugurisha cyamunara binyuze mu ikoranabuhanga kugira ngo bace intege abaca icyuho bagahombya rubanda n’amabanki.
