Ibigo by’ubwishingizi byigenga bikomeje guhura n’ibihombo urebye ku mafaranga byinjiza mu misanzu y’abakiliya n’ayo bibishyura, ku buryo Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda (BNR) ivuga ko inyungu biri kubona iva mu ishoramari bikora ahandi byifashishije imari shingiro yabyo.
Guverineri wa BNR, Rwangombwa John, yagarutseho ku bigo cy’ubwishingizzi kuri uyu wa Gatatu mu kiganiro n’abanyamakuru, nyuma y’inama ngaruka gihembwe za Komite Ishinzwe Ubutajegajega bw’Urwego rw’Imari (FSC) na Komite Ishinzwe Politiki y’Ifaranga (MPC) zabaye kuwa 26 na 28 Werurwe 2018.
Imibare ya BNR yerekana ko urebye nko mu myaka itanu ishize, ibigo by’ubwishingizi byigenga byahombye miliyari 8.3 Frw mu 2013; miliyari 12.2 Frw mu 2014; miliyari 12.5 Frw mu 2015; miliyari 13.4Frw mu 2016 na miliyari 6.9 Frw mu 2017.
Ku bigo bya leta ho hari inyungu kuko hagati ya 2013 – 2017, inyungu bagiye babona yari hagati ya miliyari 16.1 Frrw na miliyari 23.5 Frw.
Rwangombwa yavuze ko icyo nka BNR yakoze ari uko ibigo by’ubwishingizi byategetswe kuzamura imari shingiro yabyo kuko yagiye igabanywa n’ibihombo, kuko buri kigo cy’ubwishingizi gitegetswe kuba gifite imari shingiro ya miliyari imwe.
Yagize ati “Guhera mu 2013 kugeza mu mwaka ushize bari bongereye imari shingiro hafi miliyari 31 Frw muri ibi bigo by’ubwishingizi. Ayo mafaranga iyo bayazanye cyane cyane nk’umwaka ushize bashyizemo amafaranga menshi, bayashora mu bindi bintu mu gihe bakomeza gukora ubucuruzi.”
Yakomeje agira ati “Uku kunguka kwabo rero tugaragaza, ahanini kwaturutse mu ishoramari bakoze mu mafaranga bari bazanye mu mari shingiro y’imari. Ariko ubwishingizi bwo nyir’izina n’ubundi bwarahombye mu mwaka ushize.”
Rwangombwa yavuze ko icyo aba batanga ubwishingizi batangiye gukora ari uguhindura uko babucuruza, kuko abashoramari batazajya bashyiramo amafaranga yabo ngo ahombe yongere asabwe andi.
Yagize ati “Ntabwo wakomeza gutungwa n’amafaranga abashoramari bazana kuko bizagera aho bibananire, urwego rube rwahirima.”
Nyuma yo kongera imari shingiro, ibigo by’ubwishingizi ngo byashoye imari nko mu mpapuro mpeshwamwenda, kuyabitsa kuri konti zunguka n’ibindi ariko mu gucuruza ubwishingizi bikomeza kuba ibihombo.
Umuyobozi Mukuru muri BNR ushinzwe ubutajegajega bw’urwego rw’imari, Peace M. Uwase, yabwiye IGIHE ko mu gihe u Rwanda rushaka kuba igicumbi cya serivisi z’imari, ibigo by’ubwishingizi bikeneye imari shingiro nini ngo bibashe kwishingira nabyo ibintu bifite agaciro kanini.
Hari impamvu zikomeye zitera ibihombo
Uwase avuga ko nko mu mwaka ushize ubwishingizi bwagize ibihombo bya miliyari 6.9 Frw, igihombo gito ugereranyije n’imyaka yabanje, ariko ugasanga nk’ubwishingizi bw’ibinyabiziga bwihariyemo igihombo cya miliyari 4.3 Frw.
Yakomeje agira ati “Ikibazo mu bwishingizi bw’ibinyabiziga, icya mbere ni ibiciro. Umuntu akavuga ngo njye ndashaka umukiliya, arishinganisha hariya kandi ndashaka kumwiba, akamuha ubwishingizi ku giciro kiri hasi cyane. Ejo, ejobundi azagira impanuka, ugomba kuyishyura.”
Uretse kugena ibiciro nabi byagiye biteza igihombo, Uwase yakomoje no ku kindi kibazo cy’uburinganya bukorerwa mu magaraji, umuntu akajya nko gukoresha imodoka bakamuca 100,000 Frw, akavuga ko afite ubwishingizi bakayakuba nk’inshuro eshatu nkana.
Hari n’ikindi cyabayeho, aho ugasanga umukozi w’ikigo cy’ubwishingizi yemeranyije n’ushaka ubwishingizi, akamusinyira amasezerano akabumuha nta mafaranga yakiriye, bikaba mu buryo bw’inguzanyo.
Uwase yakomeje agira ati “Ufashe ubwishingizi ku giciro kiri hasi cyane, ubufashe ku ideni ukazafata umwaka cyangwa amezi umunani kubwishyura, ariko nugira impanuka ikigo cy’ubwishingizi kigomba guhita cyishyura.”
“None se urumva amafaranga azishyura iyo mpanuka azava hehe? Hari harimo ibintu byinshi bipfuye.”
Mu 2016 BNR yashyizeho amabwiriza ko niba nta mafaranga atanzwe nta n’ubwishingizi butangwa, hasigara umwihariko ku bigo bya leta kuko bigira inzira nyinshi ngo amafaranga asohoke, kandi nabyo bihabwa iminsi 60 gusa ngo abe yatanzwe.
Mu mwaka ushize nabwo hatanzwe andi mabwiriza ku bigo by’ubwishingizi, ngo bigire uburyo buhamye bikurikiranamo amagaraji no gushyiraho uburyo bubifasha guhangana n’ibyo bibazo.
Uwase yakomeje agira ati “Dufite icyizere, nabo urabona ko ibibazo byabo barabyumva, barabikurikirana, hanabayeho impinduka nyinshi mu buyobozi bw’ibi bigo by’ubwishingizi kubera ibibazo byari birimo. Hari abashoramari bavuyemo muri ibi bigo kubera ibibazo byagiye bigaragara, ngira ngo nabo bageze ahantu babona ko uko byakorwaga bitarambye.”
Ihuriro ry’Ibigo by’Ubwishingizi mu Rwanda (ASSAR) riheruka gutangaza ko guhera tariki ya 1 Mutarama 2018, igiciro cy’ubwishingizi bw’ibinyabiziga ku by’abandi wakwangiza kiva kuri 40 % kikagera kuri 73%; ubwishingizi ku by’abandi wakwangiza n’ibyawe byakwangirika bwongerwa kuva kuri 3.5% by’igiciro cy’imodoka kugeza kuri 4.5%.
Izo mpinduka zizakorwa mu byiciro bibiri aho biteganyijwe ko muri uyu mwaka hazazamukaho 60%, mu mwaka utaha bikazazamukaho 40%.
