Ubushakashatsi bwa Gatanu ku mibereho y’ingo mu Rwanda (EICV5), bwagaragaje ko umubare w’abanyarwanda mu 2016/2017 wari miliyoni 11.8, muri bo abagera kuri 38.2% bari mu bukene naho 16.0% bari mu bukene bukabije.
Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare (NISR) cyamuritse ubu bushakashatsi bukorwa buri myaka itatu kuri uyu wa Kane, aho bwerekanye ko abanyarwanda biyongereyeho 1.4% ugereranyije n’uko banganaga mu 2013/2014.
Abanyarwanda bari mu bukene ni ababasha kubona ibyo kurya ariko ntibabashe kubona ibindi nkenerwa nko kwishyurira abana amashuri, kwivuza no kuvuza abo mu muryango, kwambara, kwidagadura, kwishyura icumbi, gukora ingendo n’ibindi byibanze mu buzima.
Abari mu bukene bukabije ni abatabasha kubona ifunguro ryuzuye intungamubiri uko bikwiye ntibabashe no kubona ibindi bintu nkenerwa mu buzima.
Ubushakashatsi bugaragaza ko umubare w’abari mu bukene ari 38.2% bavuye kuri 39.1% bariho mu bushakashatsi nk’ubu bwa Kane bwamuritswe mu 2013/14 bavuye kuri 44.9% mu 2010/2011.
Abanyarwanda bari mu bukene bagabanyutseho 0.9%, naho abari mu bukene bukabije bagabanyukaho 0.4% bava kuri 16.3% bagera kuri 16.0%.
Intara y’Iburengerazuba niyo ifite abari mu bukene benshi bangana na 47.1%, n’abari mu bukene bukabije benshi bangana na 21.6%.
Amajyaruguru afite abakene 42.3%, Amajyepfo 41.4%, Iburasirazuba 37.4% naho Umujyi wa Kigali ukagira abari mu bukene bangana na 13.9%.
Mu turere tw’Umujyi wa Kigali, ubukene buri munsi ya 15% mu gihe mu turere nka Nyamasheke buri hafi ya 70%.
Akarere ka Nyamasheke, Gisagara, Rulindo, Karongi na Nyaruguru turi ku isonga mu kugira abaturage benshi bari mu bukene. Kubara umuntu uri mu murongo w’ubukene harebwa utabasha gukoresha amafaranga 159, 375 Frw ku mwaka, naho abari mu bukene bukabije ntibabasha kubona amafaranga 105,064 Frw ku mwaka.
Umuyobozi wa NISR, Yusuf Murangwa, yagize ati “70% by’ubukene bishingiye ku kubona ibyo kurya n’ubushobozi bwo kubigura, duhereye ku buhinzi tukabasha kubikemura ni ikintu gikomeye. 30% bisigaye by’ubukene ni ukutagira ibindi nkenerwa nk’inzu, imyambaro n’ibindi”.
Murangwa yavuze ko muri rusange imibereho y’abanyarwanda irimo kugenda itera imbere yaba mu miturire, ibikorwa by’ubukungu, kugerwaho n’amashanyarazi, ikoranabuhanga n’ibindi.
Icyakora yavuze ko hakwiriye gushyiraho ingamba zo zafasha mu guhangana n’ibihe bidasanzwe ku buryo burambye cyane cyane ibihungabanya ubukungu ndetse n’ihindagurika ry’ikirere.
Hakenewe kandi gushyira imbaraga muri gahunda zifasha abaturage bahuye n’ibyo bihe bidasanzwe.
Minisitiri w’Intebe, Dr Ngirente Edouard, yavuze ko ubu bushakashatsi ari ingenzi kuko igenamigambi rinoze iteka rikenera amakuru y’ukuri kandi agezweho kugira ngo ribashe gusuzuma ibyakozwe mu kugabanya ubukene no mu zindi ngeri z’iterambere.
Ati “Ibyavuye muri EICV 5, biratwereka ko dukwiye gukuba kabiri imbaraga dufatanyije n’abafatanyabikorwa bacu bose kugira ngo turandure ubukene. Ntabwo tugomba gukomeza gukora nk’uko bisanzwe. Ibi birareba Guverinoma y’u Rwanda, Abanyarwanda bose, abikorera, abafatanyabikorwa mu iterambere n’imiryango ishingiye ku myemerere”.
Ubusumbane mu bukungu nabwo bwaragabanutse nk’uko bigaragazwa n’igipimo cya ’Gini’, buva kuri 0.447 muri 2013/14 rigera kuri 0.429 muri 2016/2017.
NISR itangaza ko nubwo nta mpinduka nini mu mibereho zabayeho, yaba ku bari mu bukene n’abataburimo, hari abagiye bava mu cyiciro kimwe bakajya mu kindi.
Kuki umuvuduko wo kugabanya ubukene wagabanyutse?
Imibare yerekana ko mu 2000/2001 abari mu murongo w’ubukene mu Rwanda bari 58.9%, mu 2005/6 bari 56.7%, mu 2010/11 bari 44.9%, mu 2013/14 bari 39.1%, mu 2016/2017 bagera kuri 38.2%.
Ni ubwa mbere ubukene bugabanyutse ku kigero cyo hasi cya -0.9%. Murangwa asobanura ko ubukene bwagabanyutseho gake ku buryo nta mpinduka zabayeho.
Ati “Mu 2016 habayeho impeshyi ndende mu gihembwe cya kabiri cy’ihinga bigira ingaruka ku musaruro w’ubuhinzi. Ibi byatumye habaho igabanuka ku biribwa n’izamuka ry’ibiciro mu 2017.”
“Ibi byagize ingaruka ku igabanuka ry’ubushobozi bwo kugura bw’umuturage n’ubwo kwihaza mu biribwa muri rusange. Ingaruka yavuyemo ni igabanuka ry’ubukene mu baturage”.
Murangwa avuga kandi ko uwo musaruro muke w’ubuhinzi wagize ingaruka ku kwiyongera k’umusaruro mbumbe (GDP), byatumye ubukungu butazamuka neza mu mwaka w’ingengo y’imari 2016/2017, byahuriranye n’igihe cy’ubushakashatsi.
Ubu bushakashatsi kandi bwanagaragaje abagera hafi kuri 82% by’abanyarwanda bari munsi y’imyaka 40, naho 3.5% bafite 65 kuzamura. Abagore ni 52%, Kigali akaba ari yo ifite abagore bake naho Amajyaruguru akaba ari yo afite benshi.
Ubukungu bw’u Rwanda bwakomeje kuzamuka mu myaka 10 ishize ku mpuzandengo ya 7.5%, ubucuruzi buzamukaho 23.9%, hagati ya 2014 na 2017 mu gihe bwari bwazamutseho 24.4% hagati ya 2011 na 2014.
Imirimo yiyongereyeho 31% hagati ya 2014 na 2017, mu gihe yari yiyongereyeho 34.5% hagati ya 2011 na 2014.
Abakoresha internet mu rugo bavuye ku 9% mu 2014 mu 2017 bagera kuri 17%. Abakoresha amashanyarazi mu gucana yaba akomoka ku miyoboro migari cyangwa imirasire y’izuba, wiyongereye ku kigereranyo 34.4% mu 2016/2017, amazi meza ni 86%, abatunze telefoni ngendanwa ni 67% bavuye kuri 64% mu 2014.
Icyakora abana bajya ku ishuri bakiga ni 87.6%, mu mashuri abanza naho mu mashuri yisumbuye ni 23.2%. Abanyarwanda bafite televiziyo zikora ni 10.4% bavuye ku 9.9% muri 2014.
