Mu cyumweru gishize abaturage muri Zambia bakoze amatora ariko batarebye neza ibyayavuyemo bishobora kubaroha mu kavuyo nk’ako bagiyemo muri za 90
Muri ayo matora yo mu cyumweru gishize Edgar Lungu w’ishyaka PF, niwe watangajwe yuko yatsinze n’amajwi 1,860,877, atsinda undi mukandida wahabwaga amahirwe, Hakainde Hichilema w’ishyaka UPND wabonye amajwi 1,760,347. Ayo majwi ya Longa ari hejuru gato ya 50% bikaba bivuze yuko ntaby’amatora gusubirwamo.
Ubusanzwe Zambia yari imaze kwiyubakira amateka yuko kuva aho amatora y’amashyaka menshi yongeye kwemerwa mu ntangiriro ya za 90 abantu basimburana ku butegetsi mu mutuzo kandi batabarizwa mu ishyaka rimwe. Kenneth Kaunda w’ishyaka UNIP yabaye Perezida mu 1964, Zambia ikibona ubwigenge kuva ku Bongereza, aza gutsindwa mu matora y’amashyaka menshi mu 1991, ubutegetsi bwegukanwa na Frederick Chiluba w’ishyaka MMD.
Edgar Lungu w’ishyaka PF
Chiluba yasimbuwe ku butegetsi na Leavy Mwanawasa, nawe wa MMD muri 2001. Mwanawasa yaje gusimburwa kuri uwo mwanya na Rupia Banda nawe wa MMD muri 2008, waje gutsindwa na Michael Sata wa PF mu matora ya 2011, yitaba Imana muri 2014 asigaje umwaka umwe ngo manda ye irangire. Guy Scott nawe wo muri PF y’amusimbuye by’agateganyo amezi atata ateganyijwe n’itegeko ngo amatora y’ugomba kurangiza wa mwaka Sata yari ashigaje ngo manda irangire akorwe. Edgar Lungu niwe watsinze ayo matora aba Perezida wa Repubulika guhera Mutarama 2015.
Ariko kampanye zo muri aya matora aherutse yari ishiraniro aho abari bashyigikiye Lungu bakozaganyaho n’abari bashyigikiye Hichilema. Ubwo bushyamirane na n’ubu buracyakomeje nyuma y’itamgazwa ry’ibyavuye mu matora ku buryo benshi babona hashobora kubaho imirwano.
Abo ku ruhande rwa Hichilema basakuza bavuga yuko amatora yaranzwe n’uburiganya bwo kwibira amajwi Lungu naho abo ku ruhande rwa Lungu bakikorera amasanduku, ashyrwamo imirambo, yanditseho nyakwigendera Hakainde Hichilema Imana iguhe iruhuko ridashira.
Nubwo twavuze yuko muri Zambia abantu bagiye basimburana ku butegetsi mu mutuzo ariko ubikurikiraniye hafi usanga hatagize igikorwa amateka mabi ya za 90 ashobora kwisubiramo.
Ayo mateka mabi yatangiye mu 1993, Chiluba amaze imyaka ibiri ku butegetsi. Muri uwo mwaka hatangiye gutangazwa yuko hari agatsiko k’abantu gashaka kunaniza ubutegetsi, gateza akavuyo mu gihugu bagamije guhirika ubutegetsi ku mbaraga. Abashijwaga cyane ni abo mu ishyaka rya Kenneth Kaunda rya UNIP.
Icyakurikiyeho nuko ubwo butegetsi bwa Chilluba bwashyizeho ibihe bidasanzwe (state of emergency) bufunga abantu 26. Nyuma benshi muri bo baje kurekurwa hasigara hafunzwe batandatu barimo Wezi Kaunda, umuhungu wa Kenneth Kaunda, barezwe kugambanira igihugu.
Hakainde Hichilema w’ishyaka UPND
Hagati aho UNIP yakomeje kwisuganya ngo izashobore gutsinda amatora mu 1996 yishyira hamwe n’andi mashyaka atandatu. Hagati aho ariko na Chiluba ntabwo yari yicaye ubusa. Ubutegetsi bwe bwashyizeho itegeko ribuza umuntu wese udafite ababyeyi bombi b’abenegihugu ba Zambia. Iri tegeko byabonekaga yuko ryashyiriweho Kaunda kuko ababyeyi be bombi bakomokaga muri Malawi.
Mu kwamagana iryo tegeko UNIP n’amashyaka byari byishyize hamwe byanze kwitabira amatora, Chiluba na MMD ye bayatsinda ku buryo bworoheje nka kuriya byagendekeye Nkurunziza na CNDD FDD ye !
Icyakurikiyeho n’uko abo muri opozisiyo bagerageje gukora kudeta, iburizwamo na none nka kuriya byabaye mu Burundi, bikurikirwa n’akavuyo harimo n’ifungwa rya Kenneth Kaunda. Ubu nabwo rero abo muri Zambia nibadakorana ubushishozi bashobora kwisanga mu kavuyo nk’ako ka nyuma y’amatora yo mu 1996 !
Kayumba Casmiry
