Igihugu cy’u Burundi ni kimwe mu bigize umuryango w’ibihugu byo mu burasirazuba bwa Afurika (EAC) ariko uko ibintu bikomeza kugenda byigaragaza n’uko gishobora kuwuvamo !
Iki gihugu cy’u Burundi kinjiranye n’u Rwanda muri EAC muri Kanama 2007, mu muhango wari uryoheye ijisho mu mujyi wa Kampala. Ariko imyitwarire ubona u Burundi busigaranye igaragaza neza yuko icyo gihugu nikitikura muri uyu muryango, ugizwe n’ibihugu bitandatu, kizawirukanwamo ! Imyitwarire n’ibyemezo bisigaye bifatwa n’ubutegetsi mu Burundi bigaragaza yuko iki gihugu gihagaze muri EAC ukuguru kumwe naho ukundi gushakisha ahandi.
Mu muryango w’ubukungu w’ibihugu byo mu majyepfo ya Afurika (SADC) hamaze igihe hari ubusabe bw’ibihugu bibiri byifuza kuba abanyamuryango bashya ariko ubwo busabe ntibwangwe cyangwa ngo bwemerwe, n’impamvu zibitera ntizisobanurwe neza !
Ibyo bihugu bitegereje kwemererwa cyangwa ngo byangirwe kwinjira muri SADC, yari isanzwe ifite abanyamuryango 15, ni u Burundi n’ibirwa bya Comoros.
Amakuru asohoka mu bitangazamakuru bitandukanye agaragaza yuko igihugu cya Comoros gifite amahirwe menshi yo kwemererwa kwinjira muri SADC kurusha u Burundi, kuko amateka mabi ya za kudeta zidashira muri icyo gihugu cya Comoros asa nk’atangiye kugenda afatwa nk’ibyahise !
Muri Kanama umwaka ushize ikipe y’ubunyamabanga bukuru bwa SADC bwasuye u Burundi, bugaruka butanga raporo ivuga yuko icyo gihugu gikwiye kubanza gukemura ibibazo byacyo mbere yo kuba cyakwemererwa kwinjira muri SADC.
Nyuma ikibazo cy’ubusabe bw’u Burundi cyaje gushyirwa mu rwego rugizwe na ba Minisitiri b’ububanyi n’amahanga narwo rwanzura yuko icyo gihugu kitaritegura bihagije kuba cyakwakirwa muri SADC. Nyuma muri Gashyantare uyu mwaka, Perezida Jacob Zuma wa Afurika y’Epfo yatangaje yuko ubusabe bw’u Burundi bwari gusuzumirwa mu nama idasanzwe y’abakuru b’ibihugu na za guverinoma yari iteganyijwe kubera muri i Mbabane muri Swaziland tariki 18 z’uku kwezi. Iyo nama yarateranye ariko ikibazo cy’u Burundi ntikigera kigwaho !
Impamvu zituma SADC idashishikajwe no kwakira u Burundi mu muryango ntabwo zisobanutse nk’uko n’izituma icyo gihugu gishishikajwe cyane no kwinjira muri uwo muryango usanga nazo zidasobanutse !
Amategeko agenga SADC ( South African Development Community) ateganya yuko kugira ngo igihugu cyemererwe kuba umunyamuryango , kigomba kuba kigendera ku mahame ya Demokarasi kikanagira n’ubutegetsi burangwa no kubahiriza amategeko ! Kuva igihugu cy’u Burundi cyajya mu ntambara muri Gicurasi 2015, henshi gifatwa nk’igihugu gifite ubutegetsi butubahiriza ibyo bisabwa na SADC.
Kuva imvururu zatangira mu Burundi abantu bagera ku bihumbi 400 bahunze igihugu. Bamwe muri SADC babona yuko kwakira u Burundi mu muryango byaba binavuze kwishyiraho umuzigo w’izo mpunzi, cyane yuko n’ishami rizishinzwe ku isi (UNHCR) riherutse gutangaza ko abantu benshi bagikomeza guhunga ubutegetsi bwa Petero Nkurunziza !
Amakuru yakomeje gusohoka mu bitangazamakuru bitandukanye agaragaza yuko SADC idashobora kwakira u Burundi mu gihe itaramenya ikizava mu mishyikirano ya Arusha, hagati y’ubutegetsi bwa Nkurunziza n’ababurwanya. SADC ishishikariza leta y’u Burundi gushyikirana n’abatavuga rumwe nayo, cyane abo mu mashyaka yibumbiye muri CNARED.
Ubutegetsi bwa Nkurunziza ariko bwo ibyo gushyikirana n’abo muri CNARED ntabwo burabikozwa kuko bushinja benshi mu bayobozi bayo kuba baragize uruhare muri ya kudeta yapfubye muri Gicurasi 2015, ahubwo bugasaba yuko aho bagaragara hose bafatwa bagafungwa !
Hagati y’itariki 16 na 18 ukwezi gushize abatavuga rumwe mu bibazo by’u Burundi bahuriye Arusha ku butumire bw’umuhuza, Benjamin Mkapa, ariko Bujumbura itangaza mbere y’igihe yuko itari kwitabira iyo mishyikirano ngo kuko yari yanatumiwemo n’abo muri CNARED, ahubwo isohora inyandiko mpuzamahanga zisaba Tanzania kubata muri yombi.
Ubwo busabe bw’u butegetsi bwa Nkurunziza leta ya Tanzania, umunyamuryango w’ikubitiro wa SADC, yabwimye agaciro. Icyo gikorwa cya Tanzania cyasuzuguje ubutegetsi bwa Nkurunziza, kinabusuzuguza mu maso ya benshi kuko cyagaragaje yuko busaba ibidafite agaciro !
Kuba u Burundi buri mu bibazo ariko bukibwira yuko SADC yabwakira mu muryango, bugomba kuba bugerageza kwishyira mu ishusho ya DRC mu 1997, kuko muri uwo mwaka icyo gihugu cyakiriwe muri SADC kandi nacyo cyari mu bibazo. DRC kwemererwa kwinjira muri SADC byatumye bimwe mu bihugu biyigize bijya kurwanirira ubutegetsi bwa Kabila incuro ebyiri zose, mu bihe bitandukanye.
Ubutegetsi bwa Nkurunziza bugomba kuba bwifuza kwinjira muri SADC kugira ngo uwo muryango ube waza kuburwanirira nk’uko bwabikoreye ubutegetsi bwa Kabila. Ariko ukuri uko kumeze n’uko ibyo bihugu byo muri SADC byagiye kurwanirira Kabila bizi icyo byari gukura muri DRC mu rwego rw’ubukungu, ariko mu Burundi nta cyakurwayo muri urwo rwego.
DRC kandi yasabye kwinjira muri SADC itari mu wundi muryango umeze nkayo. Kuba u Burundi buri muri EAC bukaba bunasaba no kwinjizwa muri SADC bigomba kubanza kwigwaho bihagije, cyane kubera yuko busanzwe buzwiho kuba butuzuza neza inshingano zabwo muri EAC !
Ntaho u Burundi buratangaza yuko bwifuza kwinjira muri SADC hanyuma ngo busohoke muri EAC, ariko ibikorwa byabwo bigaragaza yuko butibona muri uyu muryango w’ibihu byo mu burasirazuba bwa Afurika kubera impamvu zitari izo gushakisha !
Icya mbere umuntu yatangiriraho n’uko intego za SADC ziteye nkiza EAC. Nta kuntu rero bitabangama u Burundi bubaye mu miryango ibiri ituzuzanya kandi ikora ibikorwa bimwe !
Ikindi n’uko usanga u Burundi buri muri EAC ariko buyipinga. Imwe mu ntego zikomeye za EAC ni ubuhahirane n’urujya n’uruza rw’abaturage bagize umuryango. Ubutegetsi bwa Nkurunziza ariko bumaze igihe buhagaritse ubwo buhahirane n’urujya n’uruza rw’abantu hagati y’ Burundi n’u Rwanda !
Mu muryango nka EAC hagomba gukorwa amanama mu nzego zitandukanye. Nkurunziza we ntabwo akiyajyamo, ngo adakorerwa kudeta. Niba n’iyo mpamvu ishobora kuba yumvikana ariko ntihabuze icyo bibangamiyeho umuryango.
Ntabwo ari Perezida Nkurunziza gusa riko. Amanama ya EAC, ku nzego zose, iyo yabereye hano mu Rwanda abo mu Burundi ubutegetsi bw’icyo gihugu bubabuza kuyitabira ! Urugero rwa hafi n’inteko rusange y’abadepite ba EALA iherutse guteranira hano mu Rwanda. Abadepite bo mu Burundi babujijwe kuza, yitabirwa gusa n’abadepite b’Abarundi bane babarizwa mu buhungiro !
Bamwe mu bakuru b’ibihugu bya EAC
Twavuze kuri ya mishyikirano y’amahoro ku Burundi ibera Arusha muri Tanzania. Iyi mishyikirano ihagarikiwe na EAC, ariko mu buryo ubona wabamo no gupinga uyu muryango, ubutegetsi mu Burundi usanga bukora ibinaninza iyo mishyikirano. Urugero ni nko kwanga kwicarana n’abo muri CNARED no kuvuga yuko nta mpamvu iyo mishyikirano yabera muri Tanzania kandi u Burundi buhari !
Ibigaragaza yuko u Burundi bwaba bushakisha icyabukura muri EAC ni bynshi, harimo na biriya byo kugerageza gushoza intambara hagati yabwo n’u Rwanda kimwe no kurenza urugero mu kutishyura imisanzu y’umuryango. Ibyo byose, wongeyeho n’igikorwa cyo guteshereza agaciro i Bujumbura Richard Sezibera akiri umunyamabanga mukuru wa EAC, nabyo ni ibimenyetso bigaragaza yuko u Burundi bwakwikura cyangwa bikaba ngombwa yuko bukurwa muri EAC !
Casmiry Kayumba
