Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yamaganye ibikubiye mu bushakashatsi bwakozwe na Human Rights Watch (HRW) bushinja u Rwanda gufata no gufunga abana bo mu muhanda mu buryo bubangamiye uburenganzira bwa muntu, ivuga ko ibikubiye muri iyo raporo bihabanye n’ukuri kw’ibikorwa bigamije kubarinda ubuzima bubi, kubagorora no kubategurira ejo hazaza heza.
Raporo HRW yashyize ahagaragara kuri uyu wa Mbere tariki 27 Mutarama 2020 ivuga ko abana bo ku muhanda mu Mujyi wa Kigali batagira kivurira, bafatwa bakajyanwa i Gikondo, bagafungwa, bakubitwa kandi bafungiwe ahantu hari umwanda.
Mu mapaji 44, HRW yatangaje ko ibikubiye muri iyo raporo bishingiye ku biganiro yagiranye n’abana 30 bari hagati y’imyaka 11 na 17 bafungiwe i Gikondo mu gihe kigera ku mezi atandatu. Ivuga ko baganiriye hagati ya Mutarama na Ukwakira 2019.
Raporo y’ubwo bushakashatsi ivuga ko 28 mu baganirijwe bavuze ko bakubiswe, ko basangiraga matora n’ibiringiti birimo inda ari benshi kandi kubona ubuvuzi bibagora.
Ivuga ko uhafungiwe adahabwa uburenganzira bwo kuvugana n’umunyamategeko, uwo mu muryango we cyangwa umurinzi.
Minisitiri w’Ubutabera akaba n’Intumwa Nkuru ya leta, Busingye Johnston, yamaganye ibyatangajwe avuga ko icyo u Rwanda rukora ari ugukiza abana barwo ubuzima bubi bwo ku muhanda, kujya mu biyobyabwenge no kwishora mu byaha bitandukanye.
Yavuze ko ababitangaje nta makuru ahagije bafite kuri gahunda ya leta y’igororamuco kandi ko ibyo batangaje bigaragara ko bifite impamvu za politike bishingiyeho. Yavuze ko hari urubyiruko rwibeshejeho rubikesha iyo gahunda.
Ati “HRW ntabwo ivuga ukuri, nta makuru ifite ndetse ibyo yatangaje bishingiye ku mpamvu za politiki. Abana bato b’u Rwanda baturuka mu miryango itazwi cyangwa yatandukanye bakomeje guhabwa ubumenyi butandukanye bubakiza ubuzima bwo mu muhanda, kwishora mu biyobyabwenge ndetse n’ibyaha. Abatari bake basoje amasomo ndetse ubu bibeshejeho.”
Minisitiri Busingye yavuze ko kuri HRW kuba umwana yaba inzererezi bifatwa nk’uburenganzira bwa muntu, ku buryo itumva ko Guverinoma y’u Rwanda ifite uburenganzira bwo gufata iya mbere mu gukiza abana b’igihugu.
Yavuze ko u Rwanda rwashyize imbaraga mu kurwanya impamvu zose zatuma umwana muto ajya mu muhanda ariko ko kuri HRW bisa nk’aho umwana afite uburenganzira bwo kuba mu muhanda.
Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Igororamuco cyashyizweho na leta y’u Rwanda kugira ngo gifashe urubyiruko kugororoka no gutegura ejo hazaza rwigishwa imyuga itandukanye n’uburere mboneragihugu. Nyamara muri raporo ya HRW basabye ko abana bose bahita barekurwa.
Minisitiri Busingye yavuze ko niba kureka umwana w’u Rwanda akaba mu buzima bwo mu muhanda byitwa uburengenzira bwa muntu, ku Rwanda atari ko byumvikana.
Imikorere y’Ibigo by’Igororamuco binyurwamo igihe gito
Iteka rya Minisitiri w’Ubutegetsi bw’Igihugu ryasohotse ku wa 26 Mata 2018 riteganya ko abajyanwa muri ibyo bigo binyurwamo igihe gito (transit centre) ari abagaragaweho imikorere cyangwa imyitwarire mibi nk’uburaya, gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge, gusabiriza, ubuzererezi, ubucuruzi bwo mu muhanda cyangwa kubunza ibicuruzwa mu nzira mu buryo butemewe n’indi myitwarire yose ibangamiye abaturage.
Nyuma y’uko umuntu ajyanwe muri iki kigo, komite ngenzuramyitwarire yacyo imaze gusesengura no gusuzuma ibibazo by’uwashyikirijwe ikigo kinyurwamo by’igihe gito ishobora kwemeza kumushyikiriza ababyeyi be cyangwa umuryango akomokamo binyujijwe ku buyobozi bw’akarere akomokamo; kumushyikiriza ubugenzacyaha; kumujyana mu kigo ngororamuco; kumujyana ku kigo cy’ubuvuzi kugira ngo ahabwe ubuvuzi akeneye.
Iyi komite iyo ifashe kimwe muri ibyo byemezo, uretse icyo kugororwa by’igihe gito mu kigo kinyurwamo by’igihe gito, uwashyikirijwe ikigo yoherezwa aho komite yagennye mu gihe kitarenze iminsi cumi n’ine.
Iyo hafashwe icyemezo cyo kumugororera mu gihe by’igihe gito muri icyo kigo, uwafashwe ntashobora kurenza amezi abiri. Iyo ayo mezi ashize, biteganyijwe ko hakorwa isuzumwa bareba ko yahindutse, basanga atarahinduye imyitwarire bakamwongera ikindi gihe kidashobora kurenga ukwezi kumwe.
Iri teka rinarondora uburenganzira abajyanwe muri ibyo bigo by’igihe gito batagomba kuvutswa; burimo gushyirirwaho ibyangombwa by’ibanze bituma bagira isuku ku mubiri, ku myambaro n’aho baryama no kugira uburenganzira bwo kuvurwa; kudatotezwa cyangwa kudakorerwa ivangura iryo ari ryo ryose; guhabwa inama n’ibitekerezo no kugaragarizwa ibitagenda neza mu guhindura imyitwarire; gusurwa; kumenya amakuru; gusenga no kwidagadura.
Aba bafite kandi uburenganzira ku bintu bye byose byafatiriwe uretse ibifitanye isano n’ibyakoreshejwe mu bikorwa cyangwa mu myitwarire bibangamira abaturage; afite uburenganzira kandi bwo kudahanishwa ibihano bikomeretsa cyangwa bibabaza umubiri.
Iri teka rinavuga ko buri kwezi, Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Igororamuco (NRS) gikora igenzura rigamije gusuzuma imikorere y’ikigo kinyurwamo by’igihe gito.
Muri iryo genzura, NRS yita by’umwihariko ku kumenya uko umuntu yashyikirijwe ikigo, uko ikibazo cye kirimo gusesengurwa n’ibyemezo bifatwa, hagamijwe kumenya ko amategeko n’uburenganzira bwa muntu byubahirizwa.
Muri icyo kigo uri kuhagororerwa ahabwa inyigisho kuri gahunda za Leta, ububi n’ingaruka zo kuba mu bikorwa cyangwa imyitwarire ibangamira abaturage, indangagaciro na kirazira z’umuco nyarwanda, inzira zo kwihangira imirimo iciriritse no kwibumbira mu makoperative, gutozwa ibyiza byo gukoresha amaboko ye n’indi mirimo yose yamufasha kwiteza imbere, uruhare rw’umuturage mu kubumbatira umutekano n’izindi gahunda zagirira akamaro ugororwa.
Ikigo kinyurwamo by’igihe gito giteganya kandi ibiganiro byihariye nk’ubujyanama mu by’ihungabana n’ibindi bisa nka byo bigamije gufasha no kuvura abakiriwe mu kigo, mu gihe ari byo bakeneye kugira ngo bagarure imyitwarire iboneye.
Hari ibigo binyurwamo by’igihe gito (transit Centers ) bigera kuri 30 buri kigo kigira umubare kitarenza aho nk’icya Gikondo cyakira 1,500.
Kwibasira u Rwanda ku mpamvu za Politiki
Kuva mu myaka irenga umunani ishize, HRW yakunze gushyira ahagaragara raporo z’urudaca zishinja u Rwanda kurenga ku mahame y’uburenganzira bwa muntu. Nubwo HRW yibasira u Rwanda umusubizo, ifite amasezerano yagiranye na Leta y’u Rwanda hagamijwe kunoza ubunyamwuga mu byegeranyo byinshi irukoraho umwaka ku wundi.
Mu 2011 impande zombi zemeranyije ku masezerano y’imikoranire, humvikanwa ko u Rwanda ruzajya ruhabwa umwanya wo kugira icyo ruvuga kuri ibyo byegeranyo mbere y’uko bisohoka, nubwo kenshi ibi bitubahirizwa.
Mu biganiro Minisitiri w’Ubutabera, Busingye Johnston, yagiranye na Lewis Mudge, uhagarariye HRW muri Afurika yo hagati, muri Mata 2014, yamugaragarije ko uyu muryango ukomeje kwica nkana amasezerano wagiranye n’u Rwanda kandi ko bishobora gutuma ruyasesa.
Icyo gihe Busingye yagize ati “Dufitanye amasezerano, ubushakashatsi badukozeho nibatubwire, niba bavuze ko turi paradizo tubabwire tuti ‘mwakoze cyane, cyangwa tuvuge tuti aha ariko si ko tubibona’ […] Si byiza ko bandika gusa, natwe dufite uburenganzira bwo kuyavugaho, ni inshingano zacu gusobanurira Abanyarwanda n’Isi ibyatuvuzweho.”
Umunyamerika Richard Johnson wigeze kuba umudipolomate wa Amerika ndetse wanabaye mu Rwanda hagati y’imyaka ya 2008-2010, yigeze gushyira mu majwi Human Rights Watch ku kugambanira u Rwanda irutangaho raporo zigamije kurusebya no kurwicira isura.
Mu gitabo cye yise “The Travesty of Human Rights Watch on Rwanda” cyangwa “Isesereza rya HRW ku Rwanda”, yasohoye mu 2014 yavuze ko kuva uyu muryango washingwa mu 1988 usa n’uwatandukiriye intego zawo zo guhirimbanira uburenganzira bwa muntu, ahubwo usa n’uwahindutse igikoresho cya politiki.
Johnson yakomeje yerekana ko raporo n’imvugo za HRW mu myaka ishize zibasira FPR Inkotanyi yavanyeho ubutegetsi bwakoze Jenoside. HRW ishyigikiye ko abahoze ku butegetsi banagize uruhare muri Jenoside bagaruka muri politiki y’u Rwanda.
